महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-60, verse-25

तामकस्मान्मृगव्याधो विचरन्गहने वने ।
आक्रन्दतीमुपश्रुत्य जवेनाभिससार ह ॥२५॥

25. tāmakasmānmṛgavyādho vicarangahane vane ,
ākrandatīmupaśrutya javenābhisasāra ha.

25. tām akasmāt mṛgavyādhaḥ vicaran gahane vane
| ākrandatīm upaśrutya javena abhisasāra ha

25. Wandering in the dense forest, a hunter suddenly heard her crying aloud and swiftly approached her.

Words meanings summery:

• ताम् (tām) - referring to Damayanti (her, that (feminine))

• अकस्मात् (akasmāt) - suddenly, unexpectedly, without cause

• मृगव्याधः (mṛgavyādhaḥ) - a hunter (of deer)

• विचरन् (vicaran) - wandering, roaming

• गहने (gahane) - in the dense, in the deep

• वने (vane) - in the forest, in the wood

• आक्रन्दतीम् (ākrandatīm) - crying aloud, lamenting

• उपश्रुत्य (upaśrutya) - having heard, listening

• जवेन (javena) - with speed, swiftly

• अभिससार (abhisasāra) - approached

• ह (ha) - indeed, surely, verily (emphatic particle)

Words meanings and morphology

ताम् (tām) - referring to Damayanti (her, that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she

अकस्मात् (akasmāt) - suddenly, unexpectedly, without cause

(indeclinable)

ablative of 'akasmas' (not seen), but used as an indeclinable adverb

मृगव्याधः (mṛgavyādhaḥ) - a hunter (of deer)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mṛgavyādha

mṛgavyādha - deer hunter, hunter

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mṛga+vyādha)

• mṛga – deer, animal, game
  noun (masculine)
  Root: mṛg (class 1)
• vyādha – hunter, fowler
  noun (masculine)
  from vyadh 'to pierce'
  Prefix: vi
  Root: vyadh (class 4)

Note: subject of 'abhisasāra'

विचरन् (vicaran) - wandering, roaming

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vicarat

vicarat - wandering, roaming

present active participle

from vi-car + śatṛ

Prefix: vi

Root: car (class 1)

Note: qualifying 'mṛgavyādhaḥ'

गहने (gahane) - in the dense, in the deep

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of gahana

gahana - dense, deep, impervious

Root: gah (class 1)

Note: qualifying 'vane'

वने (vane) - in the forest, in the wood

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove

Root: van (class 1)

आक्रन्दतीम् (ākrandatīm) - crying aloud, lamenting

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ākrandat

ākrandat - crying out, lamenting, wailing

present active participle

from ā-krand + śatṛ

Prefix: ā

Root: krand (class 1)

Note: qualifying 'tām'

उपश्रुत्य (upaśrutya) - having heard, listening

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

from upa-śru + lyap

Prefix: upa

Root: śru (class 5)

जवेन (javena) - with speed, swiftly

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of java

java - speed, swiftness

Root: jū (class 1)

Note: adverbial use

अभिससार (abhisasāra) - approached

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of abhisasāra

perfect tense

3rd person singular, perfect active, from abhi-sṛ

Prefix: abhi

Root: sṛ (class 1)

ह (ha) - indeed, surely, verily (emphatic particle)

(indeclinable)