महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-60, verse-12

ततः सा तीव्रशोकार्ता प्रदीप्तेव च मन्युना ।
इतश्चेतश्च रुदती पर्यधावत दुःखिता ॥१२॥

12. tataḥ sā tīvraśokārtā pradīpteva ca manyunā ,
itaścetaśca rudatī paryadhāvata duḥkhitā.

12. tataḥ sā tīvraśokārtā pradīptā iva ca manyunā
itaḥ cetaḥ ca rudatī paryadhāvata duḥkhitā

12. Then she, afflicted by intense sorrow, and as if burning with rage (manyu), distressed and weeping, ran hither and thither.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon (then, thereupon, from that)

• सा (sā) - she (Damayantī) (she, that (feminine))

• तीव्रशोकार्ता (tīvraśokārtā) - afflicted by intense sorrow

• प्रदीप्ता (pradīptā) - ablaze, burning (ablaze, ignited, glowing brightly)

• इव (iva) - as if (like, as, as if)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• मन्युना (manyunā) - by rage (manyu) (by rage, by wrath, by spirit)

• इतः (itaḥ) - hither, here (from here, hither)

• चेतः (cetaḥ) - thither, there (thither, to there)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• रुदती (rudatī) - weeping (weeping, crying)

• पर्यधावत (paryadhāvata) - she ran around (she ran around, she ran hither and thither)

• दुःखिता (duḥkhitā) - distressed (distressed, grieved, unhappy)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon (then, thereupon, from that)

(indeclinable)

सा (sā) - she (Damayantī) (she, that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

तीव्रशोकार्ता (tīvraśokārtā) - afflicted by intense sorrow

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tīvraśokārta

tīvraśokārta - afflicted by intense sorrow

Compound word.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tīvra+śoka+ārta)

• tīvra – intense, sharp, severe
  adjective
• śoka – sorrow, grief, lamentation
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root √śuc (to grieve, to sorrow).
  Root: śuc (class 1)
• ārta – afflicted, distressed, suffering
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the root √ṛ (to go, to move; also used to imply suffering).
  Root: ṛ (class 3)

Note: Qualifies 'sā'.

प्रदीप्ता (pradīptā) - ablaze, burning (ablaze, ignited, glowing brightly)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of pradīpta

pradīpta - ablaze, ignited, glowing brightly, illuminated

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √dīp (to shine, to burn) with the prefix 'pra-'.

Prefix: pra

Root: dīp (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'sā'. Used with 'iva'.

इव (iva) - as if (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used to form a simile.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'pradīptā' with the previous description.

मन्युना (manyunā) - by rage (manyu) (by rage, by wrath, by spirit)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of manyu

manyu - rage, wrath, anger, spirit, indignation

Note: Denotes the means or cause of being ablaze.

इतः (itaḥ) - hither, here (from here, hither)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with 'cetaḥ' to mean 'hither and thither'.

चेतः (cetaḥ) - thither, there (thither, to there)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with 'itaḥ' to mean 'hither and thither'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'itaḥ' and 'cetaḥ'.

रुदती (rudatī) - weeping (weeping, crying)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of rudat

rudat - weeping, crying

Present Active Participle

Derived from the root √rud (to weep, to cry) + present active participle suffix.

Root: rud (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'sā'.

पर्यधावत (paryadhāvata) - she ran around (she ran around, she ran hither and thither)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of dhāv

Imperfect tense, from root √dhāv with prefix 'pari-'.

Prefix: pari

Root: dhāv (class 1)

दुःखिता (duḥkhitā) - distressed (distressed, grieved, unhappy)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of duḥkhita

duḥkhita - distressed, grieved, unhappy, suffering

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √duḥkh (to suffer, to cause pain) + -ita suffix.

Root: duḥkh (class 10)

Note: Qualifies 'sā'.