महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-60, verse-21

सा ग्रस्यमाना ग्राहेण शोकेन च पराजिता ।
नात्मानं शोचति तथा यथा शोचति नैषधम् ॥२१॥

21. sā grasyamānā grāheṇa śokena ca parājitā ,
nātmānaṁ śocati tathā yathā śocati naiṣadham.

21. sā grasyamānā grāheṇa śokena ca parājitā na
ātmānam śocati tathā yathā śocati naiṣadham

21. She, being seized by the seizing creature (grāha) and overcome by grief, did not lament for herself (ātman) as much as she lamented for Nala (naiṣadha).

Words meanings summery:

• सा (sā) - Damayantī (she, that (feminine, nominative singular))

• ग्रस्यमाना (grasyamānā) - being seized, being swallowed

• ग्राहेण (grāheṇa) - by the python mentioned in the previous verse (by the seizing creature, by the python)

• शोकेन (śokena) - by sorrow, by grief

• च (ca) - and, also

• पराजिता (parājitā) - overcome, defeated, overwhelmed

• न (na) - not

• आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - self, soul, herself

• शोचति (śocati) - grieves, laments, sorrows

• तथा (tathā) - so, thus, in that manner

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in which manner

• शोचति (śocati) - grieves, laments, sorrows

• नैषधम् (naiṣadham) - Nala (son of Niṣadha)

Words meanings and morphology

सा (sā) - Damayantī (she, that (feminine, nominative singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Subject of the sentence.

ग्रस्यमाना (grasyamānā) - being seized, being swallowed

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of grasyamāṇa

grasyamāṇa - being seized, being eaten, being swallowed

Present Passive Participle

From root gras (to seize, eat) with -yamāṇa suffix

Root: gras (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'sā'.

ग्राहेण (grāheṇa) - by the python mentioned in the previous verse (by the seizing creature, by the python)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of grāha

grāha - seizing, grasping; a crocodile, shark, planetary seizure (eclipse)

From root grah (to seize)

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Agent of the passive participle 'grasyamānā'.

शोकेन (śokena) - by sorrow, by grief

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śoka

śoka - sorrow, grief, lamentation

From root śuc (to grieve)

Root: śuc (class 1)

Note: Agent or cause of 'parājitā'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'grasyamānā' and 'parājitā'.

पराजिता (parājitā) - overcome, defeated, overwhelmed

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of parājita

parājita - overcome, defeated, conquered

Past Passive Participle

From root ji (to conquer) with upasarga parā-

Prefix: parā

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'sā'.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates 'śocati'.

आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - self, soul, herself

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence, living principle

Note: Object of 'śocati'.

शोचति (śocati) - grieves, laments, sorrows

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of śuc

Root: śuc (class 1)

तथा (tathā) - so, thus, in that manner

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with 'yathā' to form a correlative pair.

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in which manner

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with 'tathā' to form a correlative pair.

शोचति (śocati) - grieves, laments, sorrows

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of śuc

Root: śuc (class 1)

नैषधम् (naiṣadham) - Nala (son of Niṣadha)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of naiṣadha

naiṣadha - king of Niṣadha; Nala

Derivative of Niṣadha (a region or kingdom)

Note: Object of 'śocati'.