महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-268, verse-4

कर्णाट्टयन्त्रदुर्धर्षा बभूवुः सहुडोपलाः ।
साशीविषघटायोधाः ससर्जरसपांसवः ॥४॥

4. karṇāṭṭayantradurdharṣā babhūvuḥ sahuḍopalāḥ ,
sāśīviṣaghaṭāyodhāḥ sasarjarasapāṁsavaḥ.

4. karṇāṭṭayantradurdharṣāḥ babhūvuḥ sahuḍopalāḥ
sāśīviṣaghaṭāyodhāḥ sasarjarasapāṃsavaḥ

4. The fortifications were rendered unassailable by powerful siege engines and battlements, equipped with missiles and stones, with warriors employing pots filled with venomous snakes, and covered with dusty resinous substances.

Words meanings summery:

• कर्णाट्टयन्त्रदुर्धर्षाः (karṇāṭṭayantradurdharṣāḥ) - (fortifications were) unassailable because of siege engines and watchtowers (of the Karṇāṭa type) (unassailable due to machines and battlements)

• बभूवुः (babhūvuḥ) - they (the fortifications) were (they were, they became)

• सहुडोपलाः (sahuḍopalāḥ) - (fortifications were) equipped with missiles and stones (with clods and stones, containing clods and stones)

• साशीविषघटायोधाः (sāśīviṣaghaṭāyodhāḥ) - (fortifications were manned) by warriors who deployed pots of venomous snakes (with warriors using pots of poisonous snakes)

• ससर्जरसपांसवः (sasarjarasapāṁsavaḥ) - (fortifications were covered) with dusty resinous substances (used for defense) (with dust of Sarja resin)

Words meanings and morphology

कर्णाट्टयन्त्रदुर्धर्षाः (karṇāṭṭayantradurdharṣāḥ) - (fortifications were) unassailable because of siege engines and watchtowers (of the Karṇāṭa type) (unassailable due to machines and battlements)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of karṇāṭṭayantradurdharṣa

karṇāṭṭayantradurdharṣa - unassailable by Karṇāṭa machines/battlements

Compound type : tatpurusha (karṇāṭṭayantra+durdharṣa)

• karṇāṭṭayantra – Karṇāṭa machine, siege engine on battlements
  noun (neuter)
• durdharṣa – unassailable, difficult to overcome
  adjective (feminine)
  Prefix: dur
  Root: dhṛṣ (class 5)

Note: Adjective describing the moats/fortifications from the previous verse.

बभूवुः (babhūvuḥ) - they (the fortifications) were (they were, they became)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of bhū

Perfect tense, 3rd person plural

Reduplicated perfect form from root bhū (Class 1)

Root: bhū (class 1)

सहुडोपलाः (sahuḍopalāḥ) - (fortifications were) equipped with missiles and stones (with clods and stones, containing clods and stones)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of sahuḍopala

sahuḍopala - with clods and stones

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+huḍa+upala)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  prefix
• huḍa – clod, lump, missile
  noun (masculine)
• upala – stone, rock, missile
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adjective describing the fortifications.

साशीविषघटायोधाः (sāśīviṣaghaṭāyodhāḥ) - (fortifications were manned) by warriors who deployed pots of venomous snakes (with warriors using pots of poisonous snakes)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of sāśīviṣaghaṭāyodha

sāśīviṣaghaṭāyodha - having warriors with pots of poisonous snakes

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+āśīviṣa+ghaṭa+āyodha)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  prefix
• āśīviṣa – poisonous snake
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: viṣ (class 3)
• ghaṭa – pot, jar
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ghaṭ (class 1)
• āyodha – warrior, fighter
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Adjective describing the fortifications.

ससर्जरसपांसवः (sasarjarasapāṁsavaḥ) - (fortifications were covered) with dusty resinous substances (used for defense) (with dust of Sarja resin)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of sasarjarasapāṃsava

sasarjarasapāṁsava - with resin-dust

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+sarjarasa+pāṃsu)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  prefix
• sarjarasa – resin of the Sal tree (Shorea robusta)
  noun (masculine)
• pāṃsu – dust, sand
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adjective describing the fortifications.