महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-268, verse-13

ये त्वया बलदर्पाभ्यामाविष्टेन वनेचराः ।
ऋषयो हिंसिताः पूर्वं देवाश्चाप्यवमानिताः ॥१३॥

13. ye tvayā baladarpābhyāmāviṣṭena vanecarāḥ ,
ṛṣayo hiṁsitāḥ pūrvaṁ devāścāpyavamānitāḥ.

13. ye tvayā baladarpābhyām āviṣṭena vanecarāḥ
ṛṣayaḥ hiṃsitāḥ pūrvam devāḥ ca api avamānitāḥ

13. Those forest-dwellers and sages whom you previously harmed, driven by your strength and pride, and the gods whom you also insulted—

13. את החוזים שחיו ביערות פגעת בעבר, כשנתפסת בגאוות כוחך, ואת האלים ביזית,

Words meanings summery:

• ये (ye) - who, which, those

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• बलदर्पाभ्याम् (baladarpābhyām) - by strength and pride, due to strength and pride

• आविष्टेन (āviṣṭena) - driven by (strength and pride) (by one who is possessed, by one who is overcome, driven by)

• वनेचराः (vanecarāḥ) - forest-dwellers, those who roam in the forest

• ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - sages, seers

• हिंसिताः (hiṁsitāḥ) - harmed, injured, killed

• पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - previously, formerly, before

• देवाः (devāḥ) - gods, deities

• च (ca) - and

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• अवमानिताः (avamānitāḥ) - insulted, humiliated, disgraced

Words meanings and morphology

ये (ye) - who, which, those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yat

yat - who, which, what

Note: Refers to both 'vanecarāḥ' and 'ṛṣayaḥ' as the objects of the previous actions by 'tvayā'.

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you, your

Note: Agent of the actions 'hiṃsitāḥ' and 'avamānitāḥ'.

बलदर्पाभ्याम् (baladarpābhyām) - by strength and pride, due to strength and pride

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, dual of baladarpa

baladarpa - strength and pride, arrogance of strength

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bala+darpa)

• bala – strength, power, might
  noun (neuter)
• darpa – pride, arrogance, haughtiness
  noun (masculine)
  From root dṛp 'to be proud'.
  Root: dṛp (class 4)

Note: Indicates the cause or means for being 'āviṣṭena'.

आविष्टेन (āviṣṭena) - driven by (strength and pride) (by one who is possessed, by one who is overcome, driven by)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of āviṣṭa

āviṣṭa - entered, pervaded, possessed, overcome, driven

Past Passive Participle

From root viś 'to enter' with upasarga ā.

Prefix: ā

Root: viś (class 6)

वनेचराः (vanecarāḥ) - forest-dwellers, those who roam in the forest

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vanecara

vanecara - forest-dweller, roaming in the forest

Compound of vana (forest) and cara (moving).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vana+cara)

• vana – forest, wood, grove
  noun (neuter)
• cara – moving, going, roaming
  adjective (masculine)
  From root car 'to move'.
  Root: car (class 1)

Note: Syntactically treated as the object of 'hiṃsitāḥ'.

ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - sages, seers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet

From root ṛṣ 'to go, to see'.

Root: ṛṣ

Note: Syntactically treated as the object of 'hiṃsitāḥ'.

हिंसिताः (hiṁsitāḥ) - harmed, injured, killed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hiṃsita

hiṁsita - harmed, injured, killed

Past Passive Participle

From root hiṃs 'to injure, harm'.

Root: hiṃs (class 7)

पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - previously, formerly, before

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form of pūrva (former).

देवाः (devāḥ) - gods, deities

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity, divine being

From root div 'to shine'.

Root: div (class 1)

Note: Syntactically treated as the object of 'avamānitāḥ'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

Particle.

अवमानिताः (avamānitāḥ) - insulted, humiliated, disgraced

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of avamānita

avamānita - insulted, humiliated, disgraced

Past Passive Participle

From root man 'to think, respect' with upasarga ava (down, away), meaning 'to disrespect'.

Prefix: ava

Root: man (class 4)

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