महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-268, verse-28

प्राकारं ददृशुस्ते तु समन्तात्कपिलीकृतम् ।
राक्षसा विस्मिता राजन्सस्त्रीवृद्धाः समन्ततः ॥२८॥

28. prākāraṁ dadṛśuste tu samantātkapilīkṛtam ,
rākṣasā vismitā rājansastrīvṛddhāḥ samantataḥ.

28. prākāram dadṛśuḥ te tu samantāt kapilīkṛtam
rākṣasāḥ vismitāḥ rājan sastrīvṛddhāḥ samantataḥ

28. O King, those Rākṣasas indeed saw the rampart, which was completely covered by monkeys. The Rākṣasas, astonished, including their women and elderly, observed this from all directions.

28. והרָאקְשַׁסוֹת, הו מלך, ראו את החומה מכל עבר מצהבהבת-חומה מהם, והתפלאו, יחד עם הנשים והזקנים שמכל עבר.

Words meanings summery:

• प्राकारम् (prākāram) - wall, rampart, enclosure

• ददृशुः (dadṛśuḥ) - they saw, observed

• ते (te) - they, those

• तु (tu) - indeed, but, and, on the other hand

• समन्तात् (samantāt) - from all sides, all around, completely

• कपिलीकृतम् (kapilīkṛtam) - covered by monkeys (made brown, made monkey-like, covered by monkeys)

• राक्षसाः (rākṣasāḥ) - the Rākṣasas, demons

• विस्मिताः (vismitāḥ) - astonished, amazed, wondering

• राजन् (rājan) - O king!

• सस्त्रीवृद्धाः (sastrīvṛddhāḥ) - with women and old people, including women and elderly

• समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - from all sides, all around, entirely

Words meanings and morphology

प्राकारम् (prākāram) - wall, rampart, enclosure

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prākāra

prākāra - wall, rampart, enclosure, fence

Prefix: pra

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: object of 'dadṛśuḥ'

ददृशुः (dadṛśuḥ) - they saw, observed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (lit) of dṛś

Perfect active 3rd plural

reduplicated root `dṛś`

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: verb for 'te' (Rākṣasas)

ते (te) - they, those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: subject pronoun referring to the Rākṣasas

तु (tu) - indeed, but, and, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

समन्तात् (samantāt) - from all sides, all around, completely

(indeclinable)

derived from `samanta` (all-around) + `tasi` (ablative suffix)

Note: modifies 'kapilīkṛtam'

कपिलीकृतम् (kapilīkṛtam) - covered by monkeys (made brown, made monkey-like, covered by monkeys)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kapilīkṛta

kapilīkṛta - made brown, made monkey-like (past passive participle)

Past Passive Participle

derived from `kapila` (brown/monkey-like) with `ī` (causative) + `kṛta` (made)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: modifies 'prākāram'

राक्षसाः (rākṣasāḥ) - the Rākṣasas, demons

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - Rākṣasa (a class of demons or evil beings)

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: explicit subject, elaborating on 'te'

विस्मिताः (vismitāḥ) - astonished, amazed, wondering

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vismita

vismita - astonished, amazed, surprised (past passive participle)

Past Passive Participle

derived from root `smi` (to smile) with upasarga `vi`

Prefix: vi

Root: smi (class 1)

Note: modifies 'rākṣasāḥ'

राजन् (rājan) - O king!

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: address to the listener/narratee

सस्त्रीवृद्धाः (sastrīvṛddhāḥ) - with women and old people, including women and elderly

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sastrīvṛddha

sastrīvṛddha - including women and old people

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+strī+vṛddha)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• strī – woman, wife
  noun (feminine)
  Root: stṝ
• vṛddha – old, aged, grown (past passive participle)
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  derived from root `vṛdh`
  Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: modifies 'rākṣasāḥ'

समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - from all sides, all around, entirely

(indeclinable)

derived from `samanta` (all-around) + `tas` (ablative suffix)

Note: modifies the act of observing

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