महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-268, verse-28

प्राकारं ददृशुस्ते तु समन्तात्कपिलीकृतम् ।
राक्षसा विस्मिता राजन्सस्त्रीवृद्धाः समन्ततः ॥२८॥

28. prākāraṁ dadṛśuste tu samantātkapilīkṛtam ,
rākṣasā vismitā rājansastrīvṛddhāḥ samantataḥ.

28. prākāram dadṛśuḥ te tu samantāt kapilīkṛtam
rākṣasāḥ vismitāḥ rājan sastrīvṛddhāḥ samantataḥ

28. O King, those Rākṣasas indeed saw the rampart, which was completely covered by monkeys. The Rākṣasas, astonished, including their women and elderly, observed this from all directions.

Words meanings summery:

• प्राकारम् (prākāram) - wall, rampart, enclosure

• ददृशुः (dadṛśuḥ) - they saw, observed

• ते (te) - they, those

• तु (tu) - indeed, but, and, on the other hand

• समन्तात् (samantāt) - from all sides, all around, completely

• कपिलीकृतम् (kapilīkṛtam) - covered by monkeys (made brown, made monkey-like, covered by monkeys)

• राक्षसाः (rākṣasāḥ) - the Rākṣasas, demons

• विस्मिताः (vismitāḥ) - astonished, amazed, wondering

• राजन् (rājan) - O king!

• सस्त्रीवृद्धाः (sastrīvṛddhāḥ) - with women and old people, including women and elderly

• समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - from all sides, all around, entirely

Words meanings and morphology

प्राकारम् (prākāram) - wall, rampart, enclosure

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prākāra

prākāra - wall, rampart, enclosure, fence

Prefix: pra

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: object of 'dadṛśuḥ'

ददृशुः (dadṛśuḥ) - they saw, observed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (lit) of dṛś

Perfect active 3rd plural

reduplicated root `dṛś`

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: verb for 'te' (Rākṣasas)

ते (te) - they, those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: subject pronoun referring to the Rākṣasas

तु (tu) - indeed, but, and, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

समन्तात् (samantāt) - from all sides, all around, completely

(indeclinable)

derived from `samanta` (all-around) + `tasi` (ablative suffix)

Note: modifies 'kapilīkṛtam'

कपिलीकृतम् (kapilīkṛtam) - covered by monkeys (made brown, made monkey-like, covered by monkeys)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kapilīkṛta

kapilīkṛta - made brown, made monkey-like (past passive participle)

Past Passive Participle

derived from `kapila` (brown/monkey-like) with `ī` (causative) + `kṛta` (made)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: modifies 'prākāram'

राक्षसाः (rākṣasāḥ) - the Rākṣasas, demons

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - Rākṣasa (a class of demons or evil beings)

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: explicit subject, elaborating on 'te'

विस्मिताः (vismitāḥ) - astonished, amazed, wondering

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vismita

vismita - astonished, amazed, surprised (past passive participle)

Past Passive Participle

derived from root `smi` (to smile) with upasarga `vi`

Prefix: vi

Root: smi (class 1)

Note: modifies 'rākṣasāḥ'

राजन् (rājan) - O king!

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: address to the listener/narratee

सस्त्रीवृद्धाः (sastrīvṛddhāḥ) - with women and old people, including women and elderly

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sastrīvṛddha

sastrīvṛddha - including women and old people

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+strī+vṛddha)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• strī – woman, wife
  noun (feminine)
  Root: stṝ
• vṛddha – old, aged, grown (past passive participle)
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  derived from root `vṛdh`
  Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: modifies 'rākṣasāḥ'

समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - from all sides, all around, entirely

(indeclinable)

derived from `samanta` (all-around) + `tas` (ablative suffix)

Note: modifies the act of observing