महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-241, verse-26

स एवमुक्तो नृपतिमुवाच द्विजपुंगवः ।
न स शक्यः क्रतुश्रेष्ठो जीवमाने युधिष्ठिरे ।
आहर्तुं कौरवश्रेष्ठ कुले तव नृपोत्तम ॥२६॥

26. sa evamukto nṛpatimuvāca dvijapuṁgavaḥ ,
na sa śakyaḥ kratuśreṣṭho jīvamāne yudhiṣṭhire ,
āhartuṁ kauravaśreṣṭha kule tava nṛpottama.

26. sa evam uktaḥ nṛpatim uvāca
dvijapuṅgavaḥ na sa śakyaḥ kratuśreṣṭhaḥ
jīvamāne yudhiṣṭhire āhartum
kauravaśreṣṭha kule tava nṛpottama

26. Thus addressed, that foremost Brahmin (dvija) spoke to the king: 'O best of Kauravas, O best of kings, that supreme sacrifice cannot be performed in your lineage (kula) as long as Yudhiṣṭhira lives.'

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - The Brahmin priest (he, that)

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - having been addressed (said, spoken)

• नृपतिम् (nṛpatim) - to Duryodhana (to the king)

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

• द्विजपुङ्गवः (dvijapuṅgavaḥ) - best of brahmins (dvija)

• न (na) - not, no

• स (sa) - That (Rājasūya sacrifice) (that, he)

• शक्यः (śakyaḥ) - possible, able to be done

• क्रतुश्रेष्ठः (kratuśreṣṭhaḥ) - The Rājasūya sacrifice (best of sacrifices)

• जीवमाने (jīvamāne) - while Yudhiṣṭhira is living (while living, as long as he lives)

• युधिष्ठिरे (yudhiṣṭhire) - Yudhiṣṭhira

• आहर्तुम् (āhartum) - to perform, to undertake

• कौरवश्रेष्ठ (kauravaśreṣṭha) - O best among the Kauravas (Duryodhana) (O best of Kauravas)

• कुले (kule) - in the family, in the lineage (kula)

• तव (tava) - your

• नृपोत्तम (nṛpottama) - O best among kings (Duryodhana) (O best of kings)

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - The Brahmin priest (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the `dvijapuṅgavaḥ`.

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies `uktaḥ`.

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - having been addressed (said, spoken)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - said, spoken, declared

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vac (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Refers to `dvijapuṅgavaḥ`.

नृपतिम् (nṛpatim) - to Duryodhana (to the king)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nṛpati

nṛpati - king, lord of men

Compound of `nṛ` (man) and `pati` (lord).

Compound type : tatpurusha (nṛ+pati)

• nṛ – man, human
  noun (masculine)
• pati – lord, master
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of `uvāca`.

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect past (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Irregular form of `vac`.

द्विजपुङ्गवः (dvijapuṅgavaḥ) - best of brahmins (dvija)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dvijapuṅgava

dvijapuṅgava - best of brahmins (dvija)

Compound of `dvija` (twice-born, Brahmin) and `puṅgava` (bull, best).

Compound type : tatpurusha (dvija+puṅgava)

• dvija – twice-born, Brahmin (dvija)
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: dvi
  Root: jan (class 4)
• puṅgava – bull, chief, excellent one
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of `uvāca`.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the possibility.

स (sa) - That (Rājasūya sacrifice) (that, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to `kratuśreṣṭhaḥ`.

शक्यः (śakyaḥ) - possible, able to be done

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śakya

śakya - possible, practicable, able to be done

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle

Derived from root śak (to be able).

Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Predicate adjective for `sa kratuśreṣṭhaḥ`.

क्रतुश्रेष्ठः (kratuśreṣṭhaḥ) - The Rājasūya sacrifice (best of sacrifices)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kratuśreṣṭha

kratuśreṣṭha - best of sacrifices

Compound of `kratu` (sacrifice) and `śreṣṭha` (best).

Compound type : tatpurusha (kratu+śreṣṭha)

• kratu – sacrifice, ritual (yajña)
  noun (masculine)
• śreṣṭha – best, most excellent, chief
  adjective
  Superlative of praśasya (excellent).

Note: Subject (implicitly `rājasūyaḥ`).

जीवमाने (jīvamāne) - while Yudhiṣṭhira is living (while living, as long as he lives)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of jīvamāna

jīvamāna - living, alive, existing

Present Participle (Ātmanepada)

Derived from root jīv (to live).

Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: Locative absolute construction with `yudhiṣṭhire`.

युधिष्ठिरे (yudhiṣṭhire) - Yudhiṣṭhira

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhiṣṭhira (proper name), steady in battle

Compound of `yudhi` (in battle) and `sthira` (firm, steady).

Compound type : aluk-tatpurusha (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle
  noun (feminine)
  Locative singular of `yudh` (battle).
• sthira – firm, steady
  adjective
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Locative absolute construction with `jīvamāne`.

आहर्तुम् (āhartum) - to perform, to undertake

(verb)

active, infinitive (tumun) of āhṛ

Prefix: ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Infinitive of purpose.

कौरवश्रेष्ठ (kauravaśreṣṭha) - O best among the Kauravas (Duryodhana) (O best of Kauravas)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kauravaśreṣṭha

kauravaśreṣṭha - best of Kauravas

Compound of `kaurava` (a descendant of Kuru) and `śreṣṭha` (best).

Compound type : tatpurusha (kaurava+śreṣṭha)

• kaurava – descendant of Kuru, a Kaurava
  proper noun (masculine)
• śreṣṭha – best, most excellent, chief
  adjective
  Superlative of praśasya (excellent).

कुले (kule) - in the family, in the lineage (kula)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of kula

kula - family, lineage (kula), race

तव (tava) - your

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of tvad

tvad - you

Note: Modifies `kule`.

नृपोत्तम (nṛpottama) - O best among kings (Duryodhana) (O best of kings)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpottama

nṛpottama - best of kings

Compound of `nṛpa` (king) and `uttama` (best).

Compound type : tatpurusha (nṛpa+uttama)

• nṛpa – king, protector of men
  noun (masculine)
• uttama – best, highest, supreme
  adjective
  Superlative of ud (up).