महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-241, verse-11

तं तु प्रस्थितमाज्ञाय कर्णदुःशासनादयः ।
अनुजग्मुर्महेष्वासा धार्तराष्ट्रं महाबलम् ॥११॥

11. taṁ tu prasthitamājñāya karṇaduḥśāsanādayaḥ ,
anujagmurmaheṣvāsā dhārtarāṣṭraṁ mahābalam.

11. tam tu prasthitam ājñāya karṇaduḥśāsanādayaḥ
anujagmuḥ maheṣvāsāḥ dhārtarāṣṭram mahābalam

11. Recognizing him as having departed, Karṇa, Duḥśāsana, and others, who were great archers, followed the exceedingly mighty son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Duryodhana).

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him, that

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• प्रस्थितम् (prasthitam) - departed, set out, gone forth

• आज्ञाय (ājñāya) - having known, having recognized, having understood

• कर्णदुःशासनादयः (karṇaduḥśāsanādayaḥ) - Karṇa, Duḥśāsana, and others

• अनुजग्मुः (anujagmuḥ) - followed

• महेष्वासाः (maheṣvāsāḥ) - great archers

• धार्तराष्ट्रम् (dhārtarāṣṭram) - the son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Duryodhana) (the son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

• महाबलम् (mahābalam) - very mighty, greatly powerful

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him, that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

प्रस्थितम् (prasthitam) - departed, set out, gone forth

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prasthita

prasthita - departed, set out, gone forth

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root sthā (to stand) with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'Dhartarashtra'

आज्ञाय (ājñāya) - having known, having recognized, having understood

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root jñā (to know) with prefix ā-

Prefix: ā

Root: jñā (class 9)

कर्णदुःशासनादयः (karṇaduḥśāsanādayaḥ) - Karṇa, Duḥśāsana, and others

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of karṇaduḥśāsanādi

karṇaduḥśāsanādi - Karṇa, Duḥśāsana, and so forth; the group starting with Karṇa and Duḥśāsana

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (karṇa+duḥśāsana+ādi)

• karṇa – Karṇa (proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)
• duḥśāsana – Duḥśāsana (proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)
• ādi – beginning, and so on, others
  noun (masculine)

अनुजग्मुः (anujagmuḥ) - followed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of anujagmu

Perfect tense (lit) form of root gam with prefix anu-

Prefix: anu

Root: gam (class 1)

महेष्वासाः (maheṣvāsāḥ) - great archers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of maheṣvāsa

maheṣvāsa - a great archer, one having a great bow

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+iṣvāsa)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• iṣvāsa – bow
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Karṇa, Duḥśāsana, and others.

धार्तराष्ट्रम् (dhārtarāṣṭram) - the son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Duryodhana) (the son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dhārtarāṣṭra

dhārtarāṣṭra - son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, belonging to Dhṛtarāṣṭra

Derived from Dhṛtarāṣṭra + aṇ (patronymic affix)

Note: Object of following.

महाबलम् (mahābalam) - very mighty, greatly powerful

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahābala

mahābala - very strong, very mighty, endowed with great strength

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bala)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• bala – strength, power
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'Dhartarashtra'.