महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-21, verse-9

नाहत्वा तं निवर्तिष्ये पुरीं द्वारवतीं प्रति ।
सशाल्वं सौभनगरं हत्वा द्रष्टास्मि वः पुनः ।
त्रिसामा हन्यतामेषा दुन्दुभिः शत्रुभीषणी ॥९॥

9. nāhatvā taṁ nivartiṣye purīṁ dvāravatīṁ prati ,
saśālvaṁ saubhanagaraṁ hatvā draṣṭāsmi vaḥ punaḥ ,
trisāmā hanyatāmeṣā dundubhiḥ śatrubhīṣaṇī.

9. na ahatvā tam nivartiṣye purīm
dvāravatīm prati saśālvam saubhānagaram
hatvā draṣṭā asmi vaḥ punaḥ trisāmā
hanyatām eṣā dundubhiḥ śatrubhīṣaṇī

9. I will not return to the city of Dvāravatī without killing him. Only after slaying the city of Saubha, along with Śālva, will I see you all again. Let this war-drum, Trisāmā, which terrifies enemies, be struck.

9. לא אשוב אל העיר דְוָארַוַטִי בלי להרוג אותו. אראה אתכם שוב רק אחרי שאהרוג את שָׁאלְוַה ואת עיר סַאוּבְּהַה. שיכו בתוף המלחמה הזה, המטיל אימה על האויבים, שלוש פעמים.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• अहत्वा (ahatvā) - without killing, not having killed

• तम् (tam) - him

• निवर्तिष्ये (nivartiṣye) - I will return

• पुरीम् (purīm) - to the city

• द्वारवतीम् (dvāravatīm) - Dvāravatī (name of a city)

• प्रति (prati) - towards, to

• सशाल्वम् (saśālvam) - together with Śālva, accompanied by Śālva

• सौभानगरम् (saubhānagaram) - the flying city of Śālva (the city of Saubha)

• हत्वा (hatvā) - having killed, after slaying

• द्रष्टा (draṣṭā) - one who will see, I will see

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am

• वः (vaḥ) - you (plural)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, further

• त्रिसामा (trisāmā) - Trisāmā (name of a drum)

• हन्यताम् (hanyatām) - let it be beaten/sounded (referring to the drum) (let it be killed / struck)

• एषा (eṣā) - this (feminine)

• दुन्दुभिः (dundubhiḥ) - war-drum, drum

• शत्रुभीषणी (śatrubhīṣaṇī) - terrifying to enemies, enemy-terrifying

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अहत्वा (ahatvā) - without killing, not having killed

(indeclinable)

negative absolutive/gerund

from a (negation) + hantvā (absolutive of han - to kill)

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+hatvā)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• hatvā – having killed
  indeclinable
  absolutive/gerund
  from root han (to kill)
  Root: han (class 2)

तम् (tam) - him

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

निवर्तिष्ये (nivartiṣye) - I will return

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, future (lṛṭ) of nivṛt

from ni + vṛt (to turn)

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

पुरीम् (purīm) - to the city

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of purī

purī - city, fortress

द्वारवतीम् (dvāravatīm) - Dvāravatī (name of a city)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dvāravatī

dvāravatī - name of Kṛṣṇa's city, Dvārakā

प्रति (prati) - towards, to

(indeclinable)

Note: Governs accusative.

सशाल्वम् (saśālvam) - together with Śālva, accompanied by Śālva

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saśālva

saśālva - with Śālva, including Śālva

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+śālva)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
  prefix indicating accompaniment
• śālva – name of a king
  proper noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'saubhānagaram'.

सौभानगरम् (saubhānagaram) - the flying city of Śālva (the city of Saubha)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of saubhānagara

saubhānagara - the city of Saubha (the flying city of Śālva)

Compound type : tatpurusha (saubha+nagara)

• saubha – name of a city (Śālva's flying city)
  proper noun (neuter)
• nagara – city
  noun (neuter)

हत्वा (hatvā) - having killed, after slaying

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

from root han (to kill)

Root: han (class 2)

द्रष्टा (draṣṭā) - one who will see, I will see

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of draṣṭṛ

draṣṭṛ - seer, one who sees

agent noun, equivalent to future tense verb

from root dṛś (to see)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Used here predicatively with 'asmi' to mean 'I shall see'.

अस्मि (asmi) - I am

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

वः (vaḥ) - you (plural)

(pronoun)

Accusative, plural of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (plural)

Note: Can also be dative or genitive. Here accusative (I will see you).

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, further

(indeclinable)

त्रिसामा (trisāmā) - Trisāmā (name of a drum)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of trisāmā

trisāmā - name of a particular drum (lit. 'having three sāmans')

Compound type : bahuvrihi (tri+sāman)

• tri – three
  numeral
• sāman – a Vedic hymn, chant
  noun (neuter)

हन्यताम् (hanyatām) - let it be beaten/sounded (referring to the drum) (let it be killed / struck)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, imperative (loṭ) of han

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Applied to 'dundubhi' (drum), implying 'let it be beaten/sounded'.

एषा (eṣā) - this (feminine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of etas

etas - this, that

दुन्दुभिः (dundubhiḥ) - war-drum, drum

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dundubhi

dundubhi - drum, war-drum

Note: Agrees in gender with 'eṣā' and 'śatrubhīṣaṇī', indicating feminine usage here.

शत्रुभीषणी (śatrubhīṣaṇī) - terrifying to enemies, enemy-terrifying

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śatrubhīṣaṇa

śatrubhīṣaṇa - terrifying enemies, enemy-terrifying

agent noun/adjective from causative

from śatru (enemy) + bhīṣaṇa (causing fear, terrifying, causative of bhī)

Compound type : tatpurusha (śatru+bhīṣaṇa)

• śatru – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
• bhīṣaṇa – terrifying, dreadful, causing fear
  adjective (feminine)
  causative participle/adjective
  from root bhī (to fear), causative
  Root: bhī (class 3)

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