महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-21, verse-4

अस्वस्थनरनारीकमिदं वृष्णिपुरं भृशम् ।
किमिदं नरशार्दूल श्रोतुमिच्छामहे वयम् ॥४॥

4. asvasthanaranārīkamidaṁ vṛṣṇipuraṁ bhṛśam ,
kimidaṁ naraśārdūla śrotumicchāmahe vayam.

4. asvasthanaranārīkam idam vṛṣṇipuram bhṛśam
kim idam naraśārdūla śrotum icchāmahe vayam

4. This city of the Vṛṣṇis is greatly afflicted with unwell men and women. O tiger among men, what is this? We wish to hear.

Words meanings summery:

• अस्वस्थनरनारीकम् (asvasthanaranārīkam) - (the city) having men and women who are unwell (having unwell men and women)

• इदम् (idam) - this (city) (this, here)

• वृष्णिपुरम् (vṛṣṇipuram) - the city belonging to the Vṛṣṇi clan (the city of the Vṛṣṇis)

• भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, very much (greatly, very much, extremely)

• किम् (kim) - what (is this)? (what?, why?, how?)

• इदम् (idam) - this (situation) (this)

• नरशार्दूल (naraśārdūla) - O tiger among men (addressing Hṛdika's son) (O tiger among men, O best of men)

• श्रोतुम् (śrotum) - to hear (to hear, in order to hear)

• इच्छामहे (icchāmahe) - we wish (we desire, we wish)

• वयम् (vayam) - we (Arjuna speaking for himself with royal 'we') (we)

Words meanings and morphology

अस्वस्थनरनारीकम् (asvasthanaranārīkam) - (the city) having men and women who are unwell (having unwell men and women)

(adjective)

neuter, singular of asvasthanaranārīka

asvasthanaranārīka - having unwell men and women

Bahuvrīhi compound meaning 'whose men and women are unwell'. The suffix '-ka' at the end can be a pleonastic suffix, or signify 'connected with'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (asvastha+nara+nārī)

• asvastha – unwell, unhealthy, uncomfortable, not at ease
  adjective (masculine)
  'a' (negative prefix) + 'svastha' (healthy, well).
  Prefixes: a+su
  Root: sthā (class 1)
• nara – man, person, human being
  noun (masculine)
  Root: nṛ
• nārī – woman, female
  noun (feminine)
  Root: nṛ

Note: Qualifies 'idam vṛṣṇipuram'.

इदम् (idam) - this (city) (this, here)

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, here, referring to what is near or present

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Subject.

वृष्णिपुरम् (vṛṣṇipuram) - the city belonging to the Vṛṣṇi clan (the city of the Vṛṣṇis)

(noun)

neuter, singular of vṛṣṇipura

vṛṣṇipura - city of the Vṛṣṇis

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vṛṣṇi+pura)

• vṛṣṇi – The Vṛṣṇi clan
  proper noun (masculine)
• pura – city, town, fortress
  noun (neuter)

Note: Subject of the sentence (implied 'is').

भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, very much (greatly, very much, extremely)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form of 'bhṛśa'.

किम् (kim) - what (is this)? (what?, why?, how?)

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, who, which; (as adverb) why, how

Interrogative pronoun/adverb.

Note: Interrogative.

इदम् (idam) - this (situation) (this)

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, here, referring to what is near or present

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Subject.

नरशार्दूल (naraśārdūla) - O tiger among men (addressing Hṛdika's son) (O tiger among men, O best of men)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of naraśārdūla

naraśārdūla - tiger among men, best of men

Compound often used as an epithet for a great warrior or person.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+śārdūla)

• nara – man, person
  noun (masculine)
  Root: nṛ
• śārdūla – tiger, an excellent or prominent one (when in compound)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressed to Kṛtavarman.

श्रोतुम् (śrotum) - to hear (to hear, in order to hear)

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Formed from root 'śru' + 'tumun' suffix.

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Governed by 'icchāmahe'.

इच्छामहे (icchāmahe) - we wish (we desire, we wish)

(verb)

1st person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of iṣ

Present tense, first person plural, middle voice

Root 'iṣ' (class 6) becomes 'icch' + present tense ending 'mahe'.

Root: iṣ (class 6)

वयम् (vayam) - we (Arjuna speaking for himself with royal 'we') (we)

(pronoun)

Nominative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

First person plural pronoun base.

Note: Subject of 'icchāmahe'.