महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-21, verse-13

प्रयातोऽस्मि नरव्याघ्र बलेन महता वृतः ।
कॢप्तेन चतुरङ्गेण बलेन जितकाशिना ॥१३॥

13. prayāto'smi naravyāghra balena mahatā vṛtaḥ ,
kḷptena caturaṅgeṇa balena jitakāśinā.

13. prayātaḥ asmi naravyāghra balena mahatā
vṛtaḥ kḷptena caturaṅgeṇa balena jitakāśinā

13. O tiger among men (naravyāghra), I departed, surrounded by a vast army—specifically an arrayed four-limbed army (caturanga) radiant with victory.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रयातः (prayātaḥ) - (I) departed (departed, set out)

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am

• नरव्याघ्र (naravyāghra) - O tiger among men (O tiger among men, O best of men)

• बलेन (balena) - by an army (by force, by army, with strength)

• महता (mahatā) - by a great (army) (by great, with great)

• वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - surrounded (surrounded, encompassed, chosen)

• कॢप्तेन (kḷptena) - by an arrayed (army) (by that which is prepared, by that which is arranged)

• चतुरङ्गेण (caturaṅgeṇa) - by the four-limbed (caturanga) army (infantry, cavalry, elephants, chariots) (by the four-limbed (army))

• बलेन (balena) - by (such) an army (by force, by army, with strength)

• जितकाशिना (jitakāśinā) - by an army radiant with victory (by that which shines with victory, by that which has conquered (and is shining))

Words meanings and morphology

प्रयातः (prayātaḥ) - (I) departed (departed, set out)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prayāta

prayāta - gone forth, departed, set out

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √yā with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'aham' (implied from 'asmi').

अस्मि (asmi) - I am

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (lat) of as

Present Tense

First person singular, present tense, active voice of √as

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Connects with 'prayātaḥ' to form "I have departed" or "I am departed."

नरव्याघ्र (naravyāghra) - O tiger among men (O tiger among men, O best of men)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of naravyāghra

naravyāghra - tiger among men, best of men, eminent man

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+vyāghra)

• nara – man, person
  noun (masculine)
• vyāghra – tiger
  noun (masculine)

Note: Term of address.

बलेन (balena) - by an army (by force, by army, with strength)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, army, force

Note: Instrument of "vṛtaḥ".

महता (mahatā) - by a great (army) (by great, with great)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, immense

Note: Qualifies "balena".

वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - surrounded (surrounded, encompassed, chosen)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛta

vṛta - surrounded, covered, chosen

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √vṛ (to cover, encompass, choose)

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Qualifies 'aham'.

कॢप्तेन (kḷptena) - by an arrayed (army) (by that which is prepared, by that which is arranged)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of kḷpta

kḷpta - prepared, arranged, formed, created

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √kḷp

Root: kḷp (class 10)

Note: Qualifies "balena".

चतुरङ्गेण (caturaṅgeṇa) - by the four-limbed (caturanga) army (infantry, cavalry, elephants, chariots) (by the four-limbed (army))

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of caturaṅga

caturaṅga - four-limbed (applied to an army, meaning infantry, cavalry, elephants, and chariots)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (catur+aṅga)

• catur – four
  numeral
• aṅga – limb, part, constituent
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies "balena".

बलेन (balena) - by (such) an army (by force, by army, with strength)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, army, force

Note: Governed by "vṛtaḥ".

जितकाशिना (jitakāśinā) - by an army radiant with victory (by that which shines with victory, by that which has conquered (and is shining))

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of jitakāśin

jitakāśin - shining with victory, having conquered and radiant

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jita+kāśin)

• jita – conquered, won, subdued
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √ji
  Root: ji (class 1)
• kāśin – shining, brilliant, appearing
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun (suffix -in)
  Derived from root √kāś
  Root: kāś (class 1)

Note: Qualifies "balena".