महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-21, verse-15

तत्राश्रौषं नरव्याघ्र शाल्वं नगरमन्तिकात् ।
प्रयातं सौभमास्थाय तमहं पृष्ठतोऽन्वयाम् ॥१५॥

15. tatrāśrauṣaṁ naravyāghra śālvaṁ nagaramantikāt ,
prayātaṁ saubhamāsthāya tamahaṁ pṛṣṭhato'nvayām.

15. tatra aśrauṣam naravyāghra śālvaṃ nagaram antikāt
prayātam saubham āsthāya tam aham pṛṣṭhataḥ anvayām

15. O tiger among men, from nearby the city, I heard that Salva had departed, having ascended the aerial city Saubha. I followed him from behind.

Words meanings summery:

• तत्र (tatra) - there, then, in that place

• अश्रौषम् (aśrauṣam) - I heard

• नरव्याघ्र (naravyāghra) - O tiger among men, O best of men

• शाल्वं (śālvaṁ) - King Salva (Salva (proper noun), relating to Salva)

• नगरम् (nagaram) - city, town

• अन्तिकात् (antikāt) - from near, from a short distance

• प्रयातम् (prayātam) - departed, gone forth

• सौभम् (saubham) - The flying city (vehicle) of Salva. (Saubha (the aerial city/vehicle))

• आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having mounted, having ascended, having taken up

• तम् (tam) - referring to Salva (him, that (masculine accusative singular))

• अहम् (aham) - I

• पृष्ठतः (pṛṣṭhataḥ) - from behind, behind, at the back

• अन्वयाम् (anvayām) - I followed, I went after

Words meanings and morphology

तत्र (tatra) - there, then, in that place

(indeclinable)

derived from tad (that)

अश्रौषम् (aśrauṣam) - I heard

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, past aorist (luṅ) of śru

Aorist (luṅ), 1st person singular, active voice

aorist stem with augment 'a'

Root: śru (class 5)

नरव्याघ्र (naravyāghra) - O tiger among men, O best of men

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of naravyāghra

naravyāghra - tiger among men, best of men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+vyāghra)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• vyāghra – tiger
  noun (masculine)

शाल्वं (śālvaṁ) - King Salva (Salva (proper noun), relating to Salva)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śālva

śālva - Salva (name of a king, a country)

Note: Object of the verb aśrauṣam and subject of prayātam

नगरम् (nagaram) - city, town

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nagara

nagara - city, town

Note: Here used adverbially with antikāt, meaning "from nearby the city".

अन्तिकात् (antikāt) - from near, from a short distance

(indeclinable)

Ablative singular of antika, used adverbially.

प्रयातम् (prayātam) - departed, gone forth

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pra-yā

pra-yā - to go forth, to depart, to set out

Past Passive Participle

formed from pra + yā + kta

Prefix: pra

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Used here in an active sense, as is common for verbs of motion.

सौभम् (saubham) - The flying city (vehicle) of Salva. (Saubha (the aerial city/vehicle))

(proper noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of saubha

saubha - related to Subha; name of an aerial city, a magical flying machine

Note: Object of āsthāya.

आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having mounted, having ascended, having taken up

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

formed from ā + sthā + lyap

Prefix: ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

तम् (tam) - referring to Salva (him, that (masculine accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Object of anvayām.

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Subject of anvayām.

पृष्ठतः (pṛṣṭhataḥ) - from behind, behind, at the back

(indeclinable)

suffix -tas from pṛṣṭha (back)

अन्वयाम् (anvayām) - I followed, I went after

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of anu-i

Imperfect (laṅ), 1st person singular, active voice

formed from anu + i + laṅ

Prefix: anu

Root: i (class 2)

Note: The initial 'a' is the augment of the imperfect.