महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-3, chapter-21, verse-20
सैनिकान्मम सूतं च हयांश्च समवाकिरत् ।
अचिन्तयन्तस्तु शरान्वयं युध्याम भारत ॥२०॥
अचिन्तयन्तस्तु शरान्वयं युध्याम भारत ॥२०॥
20. sainikānmama sūtaṁ ca hayāṁśca samavākirat ,
acintayantastu śarānvayaṁ yudhyāma bhārata.
acintayantastu śarānvayaṁ yudhyāma bhārata.
20.
sainikān mama sūtam ca hayān ca samavākirat
acintayantaḥ tu śarān vayam yudhyāma bhārata
acintayantaḥ tu śarān vayam yudhyāma bhārata
20.
He deluged my soldiers, charioteer, and horses with arrows. But, O Bhārata, we fought on, not bothering about the arrows.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- सैनिकान् (sainikān) - my soldiers (soldiers)
- मम (mama) - my (possessive, referring to the speaker Kṛṣṇa) (my, mine)
- सूतम् (sūtam) - my charioteer (Dāruka) (charioteer)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- हयान् (hayān) - my horses (horses)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- समवाकिरत् (samavākirat) - covered with arrows (showered, covered, deluged)
- अचिन्तयन्तः (acintayantaḥ) - not caring (about) (not thinking, not caring, unconcerned)
- तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, however)
- शरान् (śarān) - the arrows (object of acintayantaḥ) (arrows)
- वयम् (vayam) - we (speaker Kṛṣṇa and his allies) (we)
- युध्याम (yudhyāma) - we fought (we fight, let us fight)
- भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O descendant of Bharata)
Words meanings and morphology
सैनिकान् (sainikān) - my soldiers (soldiers)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of sainika
sainika - soldier, pertaining to an army
derived from senā (army)
Note: object of samavākirat
मम (mama) - my (possessive, referring to the speaker Kṛṣṇa) (my, mine)
(pronoun)
Genitive, singular of asmad
asmad - I, me, we, us
Note: possessive pronoun modifying sainikān, sūtam, hayān
सूतम् (sūtam) - my charioteer (Dāruka) (charioteer)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of sūta
sūta - charioteer, bard, one of mixed caste
Note: object of samavākirat
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
हयान् (hayān) - my horses (horses)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of haya
haya - horse
Note: object of samavākirat
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
समवाकिरत् (samavākirat) - covered with arrows (showered, covered, deluged)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of kir
Prefixes: sam+ava
Root: kṛ (class 6)
Note: imperfect of root kṛ with prefixes sam-ava-
अचिन्तयन्तः (acintayantaḥ) - not caring (about) (not thinking, not caring, unconcerned)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of acintayat
acintayat - not thinking, unconcerned
Present Active Participle (negative)
present active participle of cintay (causal of cit) with negative a- prefix
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+cintayat)
- a – not, un-
indeclinable - cintayat – thinking, caring
adjective (masculine)
Present Active Participle
present active participle of cintay
Root: cit (class 10)
Note: qualifies 'vayam'
तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, however)
(indeclinable)
शरान् (śarān) - the arrows (object of acintayantaḥ) (arrows)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of śara
śara - arrow
Note: object of the participle 'acintayantaḥ'
वयम् (vayam) - we (speaker Kṛṣṇa and his allies) (we)
(pronoun)
Nominative, plural of asmad
asmad - I, me, we, us
युध्याम (yudhyāma) - we fought (we fight, let us fight)
(verb)
1st person , plural, active, imperative (historical past) (loṭ) of yudh
Root: yudh (class 4)
Note: 1st person plural active imperative, used here in a historical sense to describe past action
भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O descendant of Bharata)
(proper noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata
bhārata - descendant of Bharata, Indian