महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-21, verse-34

ततोऽभवत्तम इव प्रभातमिव चाभवत् ।
दुर्दिनं सुदिनं चैव शीतमुष्णं च भारत ॥३४॥

34. tato'bhavattama iva prabhātamiva cābhavat ,
durdinaṁ sudinaṁ caiva śītamuṣṇaṁ ca bhārata.

34. tataḥ abhavat tamaḥ iva prabhātam iva ca abhavat
durdinam sudinam ca eva śītam uṣṇam ca bhārata

34. Then, it became as if dark and as if dawn at the same time. It was a bad day and a good day, cold and hot, O Bhārata.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, from that)

• अभवत् (abhavat) - it became (it became, it happened)

• तमः (tamaḥ) - darkness (darkness, gloom)

• इव (iva) - as if (like, as if, as)

• प्रभातम् (prabhātam) - dawn (dawn, morning)

• इव (iva) - as if (like, as if, as)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अभवत् (abhavat) - it became (it became, it happened)

• दुर्दिनम् (durdinam) - a bad day (a bad day, cloudy weather, stormy day)

• सुदिनम् (sudinam) - a good day (a good day, fine weather)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एव (eva) - indeed (only, indeed, just)

• शीतम् (śītam) - cold

• उष्णम् (uṣṇam) - hot (hot, warm)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (vocative address) (O descendant of Bharata, O Bhārata)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, from that)

(indeclinable)

अभवत् (abhavat) - it became (it became, it happened)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Imperfect

root bhū, 3rd person singular, imperfect active

Root: bhū (class 1)

तमः (tamaḥ) - darkness (darkness, gloom)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tamas

tamas - darkness, gloom

Root: tam (class 4)

इव (iva) - as if (like, as if, as)

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle of comparison.

प्रभातम् (prabhātam) - dawn (dawn, morning)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of prabhāta

prabhāta - dawn, morning

Past Passive Participle

derived from root bhā with upasarga pra, suffix -ta

Prefix: pra

Root: bhā (class 2)

इव (iva) - as if (like, as if, as)

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle of comparison.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

अभवत् (abhavat) - it became (it became, it happened)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Imperfect

root bhū, 3rd person singular, imperfect active

Root: bhū (class 1)

दुर्दिनम् (durdinam) - a bad day (a bad day, cloudy weather, stormy day)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of durdina

durdina - a bad day, cloudy weather, misfortune

from prefix dur- (bad, difficult) + dina (day)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dur+dina)

• dur – bad, difficult, ill
  indeclinable
  prefix
• dina – day
  noun (neuter)

सुदिनम् (sudinam) - a good day (a good day, fine weather)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sudina

sudina - a good day, fine weather, auspicious day

from prefix su- (good, easy) + dina (day)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (su+dina)

• su – good, well, easily
  indeclinable
  prefix
• dina – day
  noun (neuter)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed (only, indeed, just)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

शीतम् (śītam) - cold

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śīta

śīta - cold, cool

Past Passive Participle

derived from root śyai with suffix -ta

Root: śyai (class 1)

Note: Used here adjectivally to describe the state.

उष्णम् (uṣṇam) - hot (hot, warm)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of uṣṇa

uṣṇa - hot, warm, fervent

Past Passive Participle

derived from root uṣ (to burn), suffix -ṇa

Root: uṣ (class 1)

Note: Used here adjectivally to describe the state.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (vocative address) (O descendant of Bharata, O Bhārata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata

patronymic from Bharata