महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-21, verse-28

ततो हलहलाशब्दः सौभमध्ये व्यवर्धत ।
वध्यतां विशिखैस्तीक्ष्णैः पततां च महार्णवे ॥२८॥

28. tato halahalāśabdaḥ saubhamadhye vyavardhata ,
vadhyatāṁ viśikhaistīkṣṇaiḥ patatāṁ ca mahārṇave.

28. tataḥ halahalāśabdaḥ saubhamadhye vyavardhata
vadhyatām viśikhaiḥ tīkṣṇaiḥ patatām ca mahārṇave

28. Then, in the midst of Saubha, a great clamor arose, consisting of cries of "Let them be slain with sharp arrows!" and the sound of those falling into the great ocean.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

• हलहलाशब्दः (halahalāśabdaḥ) - a great uproar, a clamorous sound

• सौभमध्ये (saubhamadhye) - in the midst of Saubha

• व्यवर्धत (vyavardhata) - grew, increased, developed

• वध्यताम् (vadhyatām) - a cry or exhortation (let them be killed/slain)

• विशिखैः (viśikhaiḥ) - with arrows

• तीक्ष्णैः (tīkṣṇaiḥ) - with sharp, with keen

• पतताम् (patatām) - of the Dānavas falling (of those falling)

• च (ca) - and

• महार्णवे (mahārṇave) - into the great ocean

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

(indeclinable)

Adverbial derivative of 'tad' (that).

हलहलाशब्दः (halahalāśabdaḥ) - a great uproar, a clamorous sound

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of halahalāśabda

halahalāśabda - clamor, uproar, loud cry

Compound of 'halahalā' (onomatopoeic sound for uproar) and 'śabda' (sound).

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (halahalā+śabda)

• halahalā – uproar, clamor, a loud sound (onomatopoeic)
  noun (feminine)
• śabda – sound, word, noise
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śabd (class 1)

सौभमध्ये (saubhamadhye) - in the midst of Saubha

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of saubhamadhya

saubhamadhya - the middle of Saubha

Compound of 'saubha' (name of an aerial city) and 'madhya' (middle).

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (saubha+madhya)

• saubha – relating to Subha, name of an aerial city
  proper noun (neuter)
• madhya – middle, center, midst
  noun (neuter)

व्यवर्धत (vyavardhata) - grew, increased, developed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (Laṅ) of vṛdh

Imperfect Tense

3rd person singular, imperfect tense, middle voice of root 'vṛdh' with prefixes 'vi' and 'ava'.

Prefixes: vi+ava

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

वध्यताम् (vadhyatām) - a cry or exhortation (let them be killed/slain)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, imperative (Lot) of vadh

Passive Imperative

3rd person plural passive imperative of root 'vadh'.

Root: vadh (class 1)

विशिखैः (viśikhaiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of viśikha

viśikha - arrow, headless, crestless

Compound of 'vi' (without) and 'śikha' (crest, head, point). Refers to an arrow.

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (vi+śikha)

• vi – without, apart, dis-
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating separation or negation.
• śikha – crest, topknot, point, flame
  noun (masculine)

Note: Instrument of slaying.

तीक्ष्णैः (tīkṣṇaiḥ) - with sharp, with keen

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tīkṣṇa

tīkṣṇa - sharp, keen, fierce, hot

Derived from root 'tij' (to be sharp).

Root: tij (class 6)

Note: Adjective modifying 'viśikhaiḥ'.

पतताम् (patatām) - of the Dānavas falling (of those falling)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of patat

patat - falling, flying, going

Present Active Participle

Genitive plural of the present active participle of root 'pat' (to fall, fly).

Root: pat (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

महार्णवे (mahārṇave) - into the great ocean

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mahārṇava

mahārṇava - great ocean, main ocean

Compound of 'mahat' (great) and 'arṇava' (ocean).

Compound type : Karmadhāraya (mahat+arṇava)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective (neuter)
• arṇava – ocean, sea, wave
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ṛ (class 3)

Note: Locative case indicating motion towards or into the great ocean.