महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-181, verse-30

जितेन्द्रियत्वाद्वशिनः शुक्लत्वान्मन्दरोगिणः ।
अल्पबाधपरित्रासाद्भवन्ति निरुपद्रवाः ॥३०॥

30. jitendriyatvādvaśinaḥ śuklatvānmandarogiṇaḥ ,
alpabādhaparitrāsādbhavanti nirupadravāḥ.

30. jitendriyatvāt vaśinaḥ śuklatvāt mandarogiṇaḥ
alpabādhaparitrāsāt bhavanti nirupadravāḥ

30. Because of their mastery over the senses and purity, the self-controlled (vaśinaḥ) and those with minor illnesses become free from afflictions, being protected from even small troubles.

30. מפני שכבשו את חושיהם הם שולטים בעצמם, מפני שהם טהורים הם חולים מעט, ומפני שיש להם מעט מכשולים ופחדים הם חיים ללא צרות.

Words meanings summery:

• जितेन्द्रियत्वात् (jitendriyatvāt) - because of the state of having controlled senses, from mastery over senses

• वशिनः (vaśinaḥ) - the self-controlled ones (as subjects of the sentence) (of the self-controlled one; the self-controlled ones)

• शुक्लत्वात् (śuklatvāt) - because of purity, from whiteness

• मन्दरोगिणः (mandarogiṇaḥ) - those with minor illnesses (as subjects of the sentence) (of one with minor illness; those with minor illnesses)

• अल्पबाधपरित्रासात् (alpabādhaparitrāsāt) - because of relief/protection from minor troubles/obstacles

• भवन्ति (bhavanti) - they become, they exist

• निरुपद्रवाः (nirupadravāḥ) - free from calamities, without trouble, undisturbed

Words meanings and morphology

जितेन्द्रियत्वात् (jitendriyatvāt) - because of the state of having controlled senses, from mastery over senses

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of jitendriyatva

jitendriyatva - the state or quality of having controlled senses

Derived from 'jitendriya' (one who has controlled senses) with the taddhita suffix '-tva' forming an abstract noun.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa-taddhita (jita+indriya+tva)

• jita – conquered, subdued, controlled, mastered
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the root 'ji' (to conquer) with the suffix '-kta'.
  Root: ji (class 1)
• indriya – sense organ, faculty of sense
  noun (neuter)
• tva – suffix indicating state or quality; 'ness', 'hood'
  indeclinable (neuter)
  Taddhita suffix.

वशिनः (vaśinaḥ) - the self-controlled ones (as subjects of the sentence) (of the self-controlled one; the self-controlled ones)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vaśin

vaśin - self-controlled, master of oneself, being in one's power

Derived from 'vaśa' (will, power) with suffix '-in'.

Note: Also could be genitive/ablative singular.

शुक्लत्वात् (śuklatvāt) - because of purity, from whiteness

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of śuklatva

śuklatva - purity, whiteness, cleanness

Derived from 'śukla' (white, pure) with the taddhita suffix '-tva'.

Compound type : taddhita (śukla+tva)

• śukla – white, bright, pure, clean
  adjective (neuter)
• tva – suffix indicating state or quality; 'ness', 'hood'
  indeclinable (neuter)
  Taddhita suffix.

मन्दरोगिणः (mandarogiṇaḥ) - those with minor illnesses (as subjects of the sentence) (of one with minor illness; those with minor illnesses)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mandarogin

mandarogin - having slight or minor ailments/diseases

Compound 'manda' (slight) + 'rogin' (diseased person).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (manda+rogin)

• manda – slow, dull, weak, slight, minor
  adjective (masculine)
• rogin – diseased, sick; a sick person
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from 'roga' (disease) with suffix '-in'.

Note: Also could be genitive/ablative singular.

अल्पबाधपरित्रासात् (alpabādhaparitrāsāt) - because of relief/protection from minor troubles/obstacles

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of alpabādhaparitrāsa

alpabādhaparitrāsa - protection or relief from slight obstacles or troubles

Compound 'alpa' (slight) + 'bādha' (obstacle) + 'paritrāsa' (protection/relief).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (alpa+bādha+paritrāsa)

• alpa – little, small, slight, minor
  adjective (masculine)
• bādha – hindrance, obstacle, trouble, oppression
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'bādh' (to oppress, hinder).
  Root: bādh (class 1)
• paritrāsa – protection, refuge, relief, escape
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from 'pari' + root 'trā' (to protect).
  Prefix: pari
  Root: trā (class 2)

भवन्ति (bhavanti) - they become, they exist

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (lat) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

निरुपद्रवाः (nirupadravāḥ) - free from calamities, without trouble, undisturbed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nirupadrava

nirupadrava - free from calamities or troubles, undisturbed, safe

Compound 'nir' (without) + 'upadrava' (calamity).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nir+upadrava)

• nir – without, out of, free from (privative prefix)
  indeclinable
• upadrava – calamity, trouble, misfortune, disturbance
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from 'upa' + root 'dru' (to run).
  Prefix: upa
  Root: dru (class 1)

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