महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-181, verse-25

तत्रास्य स्वकृतं कर्म छायेवानुगतं सदा ।
फलत्यथ सुखार्हो वा दुःखार्हो वापि जायते ॥२५॥

25. tatrāsya svakṛtaṁ karma chāyevānugataṁ sadā ,
phalatyatha sukhārho vā duḥkhārho vāpi jāyate.

25. tatra asya svakṛtaṃ karma chāyā iva anugataṃ sadā
phalati atha sukhārhaḥ vā duḥkhārhaḥ vā api jāyate

25. In that new life, his (karma), which he himself performed, always follows him like a shadow and bears fruit. Consequently, he becomes either deserving of happiness or deserving of sorrow.

Words meanings summery:

• तत्र (tatra) - in that new existence/birth (there, in that place, in that matter)

• अस्य (asya) - his (of the reborn individual) (his, its)

• स्वकृतं (svakṛtaṁ) - done by oneself, self-made

• कर्म (karma) - actions performed in previous lives and their moral consequences (karma) (action, deed, work, ritual, destiny (karma))

• छाया (chāyā) - shadow, shade, reflection, image

• इव (iva) - like, as, as it were

• अनुगतं (anugataṁ) - followed, accompanied, gone after

• सदा (sadā) - always, ever, constantly

• फलति (phalati) - produces results (of karma) (bears fruit, ripens, results, is successful)

• अथ (atha) - then, next, and

• सुखार्हः (sukhārhaḥ) - deserving of happiness, worthy of pleasure

• वा (vā) - or, alternatively

• दुःखार्हः (duḥkhārhaḥ) - deserving of sorrow, worthy of pain

• वा (vā) - or, alternatively

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• जायते (jāyate) - is born, becomes, arises

Words meanings and morphology

तत्र (tatra) - in that new existence/birth (there, in that place, in that matter)

(indeclinable)

Derived from tad (that) with suffix tra.

अस्य (asya) - his (of the reborn individual) (his, its)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Note: Possessive pronoun.

स्वकृतं (svakṛtaṁ) - done by oneself, self-made

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of svakṛta

svakṛta - done by oneself, self-made, one's own doing

Past Passive Participle (of kṛ)

Compound of sva (self, one's own) and kṛta (done). kṛta is PPP of kṛ.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+kṛta)

• sva – one's own, self
  pronoun
• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root kṛ- (to do) with suffix -ta
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

कर्म (karma) - actions performed in previous lives and their moral consequences (karma) (action, deed, work, ritual, destiny (karma))

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of karma

karma - action, deed, work, religious rite, destiny (karma)

Action noun

From root kṛ (to do) with suffix -man.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: The results of actions (karma).

छाया (chāyā) - shadow, shade, reflection, image

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of chāyā

chāyā - shadow, shade, reflection, image, resemblance

Root: chā (class 1)

Note: Part of the simile chāyā iva.

इव (iva) - like, as, as it were

(indeclinable)

अनुगतं (anugataṁ) - followed, accompanied, gone after

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of anugata

anugata - followed, accompanied, gone after, attached to

Past Passive Participle

From root gam (to go) with prefix anu.

Prefix: anu

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Acts as a predicate adjective for karma.

सदा (sadā) - always, ever, constantly

(indeclinable)

Adverb derived from sarva (all) + dā (time).

Note: Modifies anugataṃ.

फलति (phalati) - produces results (of karma) (bears fruit, ripens, results, is successful)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of phal

Present active indicative, 1st class verb

From root phal (1st class).

Root: phal (class 1)

अथ (atha) - then, next, and

(indeclinable)

सुखार्हः (sukhārhaḥ) - deserving of happiness, worthy of pleasure

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sukhārha

sukhārha - deserving of happiness, worthy of pleasure

Compound of sukha (happiness) and arha (deserving, worthy).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sukha+arha)

• sukha – happiness, pleasure, ease, joy
  noun (neuter)
• arha – deserving, worthy, fit for
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root arh- (to deserve, be worthy)
  Root: arh (class 1)

वा (vā) - or, alternatively

(indeclinable)

Note: Used to connect alternatives.

दुःखार्हः (duḥkhārhaḥ) - deserving of sorrow, worthy of pain

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duḥkhārha

duḥkhārha - deserving of pain, worthy of suffering

Compound of duḥkha (sorrow) and arha (deserving, worthy).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (duḥkha+arha)

• duḥkha – suffering, pain, sorrow, misery
  noun (neuter)
• arha – deserving, worthy, fit for
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root arh- (to deserve, be worthy)
  Root: arh (class 1)

वा (vā) - or, alternatively

(indeclinable)

Note: Used to connect alternatives.

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

जायते (jāyate) - is born, becomes, arises

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of jan

Present middle indicative, 4th class verb (often passive/intransitive sense in middle)

From root jan (4th class), often used in middle/passive.

Root: jan (class 4)