महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-181, verse-10

अत्र ते वर्तयिष्यामि तदिहैकमनाः शृणु ।
यथेहामुत्र च नरः सुखदुःखमुपाश्नुते ॥१०॥

10. atra te vartayiṣyāmi tadihaikamanāḥ śṛṇu ,
yathehāmutra ca naraḥ sukhaduḥkhamupāśnute.

10. atra te vartayiṣyāmi tat iha ekamanāḥ śṛṇu |
yathā iha amutra ca naraḥ sukhaduḥkham upāśnute

10. Here, I will explain that to you. Listen with a concentrated mind how a person experiences happiness and misery both in this world and in the next.

Words meanings summery:

• अत्र (atra) - here (in this discourse) (here, in this place)

• ते (te) - to you (singular) (to you, your)

• वर्तयिष्यामि (vartayiṣyāmi) - I will explain (the matter to you) (I will explain, I will relate, I will cause to turn)

• तत् (tat) - that (matter, which I will explain) (that, therefore)

• इह (iha) - here (in this current life/world) (here, in this world)

• एकमनाः (ekamanāḥ) - with a focused mind (one-minded, concentrated, attentive)

• शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen (to what I say) (listen, hear)

• यथा (yathā) - how (a person experiences) (as, just as, how)

• इह (iha) - in this world (here, in this world)

• अमुत्र (amutra) - in the next world (in the other world, hereafter, in the next life)

• च (ca) - and (connecting this world and the next) (and, also)

• नरः (naraḥ) - a person (man, person)

• सुखदुःखम् (sukhaduḥkham) - happiness and misery (happiness and misery, joy and sorrow)

• उपाश्नुते (upāśnute) - experiences (experiences, obtains, enjoys, suffers)

Words meanings and morphology

अत्र (atra) - here (in this discourse) (here, in this place)

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - to you (singular) (to you, your)

(pronoun)

singular of tvad

tvad - you

Note: From tvad (you), dative/genitive singular. Here dative.

वर्तयिष्यामि (vartayiṣyāmi) - I will explain (the matter to you) (I will explain, I will relate, I will cause to turn)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of vart

Causative future active

Causative stem vartay- + future suffix iṣya- + 1st person singular ending āmi

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Causative of √vṛt (to be, to turn). Here, 'I will make it proceed (to you)', i.e., I will explain.

तत् (tat) - that (matter, which I will explain) (that, therefore)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Accusative singular neuter of tad.

इह (iha) - here (in this current life/world) (here, in this world)

(indeclinable)

एकमनाः (ekamanāḥ) - with a focused mind (one-minded, concentrated, attentive)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ekamanas

ekamanas - one-minded, attentive, concentrated

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (eka+manas)

• eka – one, single, sole
  numeral/adjective
• manas – mind, intellect, consciousness
  noun (neuter)

Note: Nominative singular masculine of ekamanas.

शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen (to what I say) (listen, hear)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śru

Imperative active

Root śru + imperative 2nd person singular ending nu (for 5th class verbs)

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: From √śru (to hear). Imperative 2nd person singular.

यथा (yathā) - how (a person experiences) (as, just as, how)

(indeclinable)

इह (iha) - in this world (here, in this world)

(indeclinable)

अमुत्र (amutra) - in the next world (in the other world, hereafter, in the next life)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and (connecting this world and the next) (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Always placed after the word it connects.

नरः (naraḥ) - a person (man, person)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, human being, hero

Note: Nominative singular masculine.

सुखदुःखम् (sukhaduḥkham) - happiness and misery (happiness and misery, joy and sorrow)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sukhaduḥkha

sukhaduḥkha - happiness and misery, pleasure and pain

Compound type : dvandva (sukha+duḥkha)

• sukha – happiness, pleasure, ease
  noun (neuter)
• duḥkha – misery, pain, sorrow, suffering
  noun (neuter)

Note: Accusative singular neuter of sukhaduḥkha.

उपाश्नुते (upāśnute) - experiences (experiences, obtains, enjoys, suffers)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of upāś

Present middle

Prefix upa- + root aś + 3rd person singular middle ending nute (for 5th class verbs like aśnoti, but here nute for middle voice)

Prefix: upa

Root: aś (class 5)

Note: From upa-√aś (to experience). Present 3rd person singular middle voice.