महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-52, verse-12

युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
के तत्रान्ये कितवा दीव्यमाना विना राज्ञो धृतराष्ट्रस्य पुत्रैः ।
पृच्छामि त्वां विदुर ब्रूहि नस्तान्यैर्दीव्यामः शतशः संनिपत्य ॥१२॥

12. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
ke tatrānye kitavā dīvyamānā; vinā rājño dhṛtarāṣṭrasya putraiḥ ,
pṛcchāmi tvāṁ vidura brūhi nastā;nyairdīvyāmaḥ śataśaḥ saṁnipatya.

12. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca | ke tatra anye kitavāḥ
dīvyamānāḥ vinā rājñaḥ dhṛtarāṣṭrasya
putraiḥ | pṛcchāmi tvām vidura brūhi naḥ
taiḥ anyaiḥ dīvyāmaḥ śataśaḥ saṃnipatya

12. Yudhiṣṭhira said, "Who else among the gamblers are playing there, besides the sons of King Dhṛtarāṣṭra? Tell us, Vidura, whom shall we play against, gathering in vast numbers?"

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• के (ke) - who (plural)

• तत्र (tatra) - there

• अन्ये (anye) - other, different

• कितवाः (kitavāḥ) - gamblers, dice-players

• दीव्यमानाः (dīvyamānāḥ) - playing, gambling

• विना (vinā) - without, except for

• राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king

• धृतराष्ट्रस्य (dhṛtarāṣṭrasya) - of Dhṛtarāṣṭra

• पुत्रैः (putraiḥ) - by the sons

• पृच्छामि (pṛcchāmi) - I ask

• त्वाम् (tvām) - you

• विदुर (vidura) - O Vidura

• ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell, say

• नः (naḥ) - to us

• तैः (taiḥ) - with those

• अन्यैः (anyaiḥ) - with others

• दीव्यामः (dīvyāmaḥ) - we will play, we shall gamble

• शतशः (śataśaḥ) - by hundreds, hundredfold, in great numbers

• संनिपत्य (saṁnipatya) - having gathered together, having assembled

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhiṣṭhira (the eldest Pāṇḍava brother)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of vac

perfect active

root 'vac' (2nd class), perfect (Lit) 3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

के (ke) - who (plural)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kim

kim - who, what

Note: Refers to 'kitavāḥ'.

तत्र (tatra) - there

(indeclinable)

अन्ये (anye) - other, different

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of anya

anya - other, another, different

Note: Agrees with 'kitavāḥ'.

कितवाः (kitavāḥ) - gamblers, dice-players

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kitava

kitava - gambler, cheat, rogue

Note: Subject of 'dīvyamānāḥ'.

दीव्यमानाः (dīvyamānāḥ) - playing, gambling

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of div

div - to play, to gamble, to shine

Present Middle Participle

from root 'div' (4th class), present middle participle, nominative plural masculine

Root: div (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'kitavāḥ'.

विना (vinā) - without, except for

(indeclinable)

Note: Takes instrumental case 'putraiḥ'.

राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Qualifies 'putraiḥ'.

धृतराष्ट्रस्य (dhṛtarāṣṭrasya) - of Dhṛtarāṣṭra

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (name of the blind king)

Note: Qualifies 'rājñaḥ'.

पुत्रैः (putraiḥ) - by the sons

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son

Note: Governed by 'vinā'.

पृच्छामि (pṛcchāmi) - I ask

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (Laṭ) of prach

present active

root 'prach' (6th class), present (Laṭ) 1st person singular

Root: prach (class 6)

त्वाम् (tvām) - you

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Object of 'pṛcchāmi'.

विदुर (vidura) - O Vidura

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vidura

vidura - Vidura (name of a wise character in the Mahabharata)

ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell, say

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (Loṭ) of brū

imperative active

root 'brū' (2nd class), imperative (Loṭ) 2nd person singular

Root: brū (class 2)

नः (naḥ) - to us

(pronoun)

plural of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Here, dative, "to us".

तैः (taiḥ) - with those

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to the "other gamblers".

अन्यैः (anyaiḥ) - with others

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of anya

anya - other, another

Note: Agrees with 'taiḥ'.

दीव्यामः (dīvyāmaḥ) - we will play, we shall gamble

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, present (Laṭ) of div

present active

root 'div' (4th class), present (Laṭ) 1st person plural

Root: div (class 4)

Note: Can also be used with future sense or as a declaration of intent.

शतशः (śataśaḥ) - by hundreds, hundredfold, in great numbers

(indeclinable)

from śata (hundred) + śas suffix

Note: Modifies the act of playing or gathering.

संनिपत्य (saṁnipatya) - having gathered together, having assembled

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

from root 'pat' with upasargas 'sam' and 'ni', +lyaP suffix

Prefixes: sam+ni

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Absolute participle, meaning "having assembled".