महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-52, verse-16

न चाकामः शकुनिना देविताहं न चेन्मां धृष्णुराह्वयिता सभायाम् ।
आहूतोऽहं न निवर्ते कदाचित्तदाहितं शाश्वतं वै व्रतं मे ॥१६॥

16. na cākāmaḥ śakuninā devitāhaṁ; na cenmāṁ dhṛṣṇurāhvayitā sabhāyām ,
āhūto'haṁ na nivarte kadāci;ttadāhitaṁ śāśvataṁ vai vrataṁ me.

16. na ca akāmaḥ śakuninā devitā aham
na cet mām dhṛṣṇuḥ āhvayitā sabhāyām
| āhūtaḥ aham na niverte kadācit
tat āhitam śāśvatam vai vratam me

16. I am not unwilling to be challenged by Śakuni, nor will I refuse if that insolent one (Duryodhana) challenges me in the assembly. Once summoned, I never retreat. That is indeed my eternal vow (vrata).

16. ואני לא אשחק עם שַׁקוּנִי בעל כורחי, אלא אם כן הנועז יזמין אותי באולם. אך כשאני מוזמן איני נסוג לעולם, וזה נדר קבוע ונצחי שלי.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• च (ca) - and, also

• अकामः (akāmaḥ) - unwilling, desireless

• शकुनिना (śakuninā) - by Śakuni

• देविता (devitā) - one who engages in gambling, especially playing dice (player, gambler)

• अहम् (aham) - I

• न (na) - not, no

• चेत् (cet) - if, whether

• माम् (mām) - me

• धृष्णुः (dhṛṣṇuḥ) - Duryodhana (bold, insolent, arrogant one)

• आह्वयिता (āhvayitā) - one who challenges to a dice game (challenger, one who calls)

• सभायाम् (sabhāyām) - in the assembly, in the hall

• आहूतः (āhūtaḥ) - called, summoned, challenged

• अहम् (aham) - I

• न (na) - not, no

• निवेर्ते (niverte) - I turn back, I retreat

• कदाचित् (kadācit) - (with negative) never (ever, at any time, sometimes)

• तत् (tat) - that, therefore

• आहितम् (āhitam) - established, placed, performed

• शाश्वतम् (śāśvatam) - eternal, perpetual

• वै (vai) - indeed, verily, certainly

• व्रतम् (vratam) - vow, sacred observance, religious duty

• मे (me) - my, to me

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अकामः (akāmaḥ) - unwilling, desireless

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of akāma

akāma - without desire, unwilling, not wishing

Negated compound of 'a' (not) and 'kāma' (desire)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (a+kāma)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• kāma – desire, wish, longing
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kam (class 1)

शकुनिना (śakuninā) - by Śakuni

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śakuni

śakuni - Śakuni (name of Duryodhana's maternal uncle, known as a skilled dice player)

देविता (devitā) - one who engages in gambling, especially playing dice (player, gambler)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of devitṛ

devitṛ - player, gambler, one who plays with dice

Agent noun from root div (to play, gamble)

Root: div (class 4)

Note: This is a form of an agent noun, not a past passive participle.

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

चेत् (cet) - if, whether

(indeclinable)

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

धृष्णुः (dhṛṣṇuḥ) - Duryodhana (bold, insolent, arrogant one)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛṣṇu

dhṛṣṇu - bold, daring, impudent, insolent, arrogant

from root dhṛṣ (to be bold)

Root: dhṛṣ (class 5)

Note: Used substantively here to refer to Duryodhana.

आह्वयिता (āhvayitā) - one who challenges to a dice game (challenger, one who calls)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āhvayitṛ

āhvayitṛ - summoner, challenger, one who calls out

Agent noun from root hve (to call) with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: hve (class 1)

Note: Often translated as future active participle, but functions here as a nominal agent.

सभायाम् (sabhāyām) - in the assembly, in the hall

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of sabhā

sabhā - assembly, council, hall, court

आहूतः (āhūtaḥ) - called, summoned, challenged

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āhūta

āhūta - called, summoned, invoked, challenged

Past Passive Participle

from root hve (to call) with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: hve (class 1)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

निवेर्ते (niverte) - I turn back, I retreat

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of nivert

Present Middle Indicative

1st person singular, present tense, middle voice, from root vṛt (to turn) with prefix ni

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

कदाचित् (kadācit) - (with negative) never (ever, at any time, sometimes)

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - that, therefore

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, that one, therefore, thus

Note: Can function as an adverbial 'therefore'

आहितम् (āhitam) - established, placed, performed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of āhita

āhita - placed, set, established, performed

Past Passive Participle

from root dhā (to place, put) with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: dhā (class 3)

शाश्वतम् (śāśvatam) - eternal, perpetual

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śāśvata

śāśvata - eternal, perpetual, constant, ever-abiding

वै (vai) - indeed, verily, certainly

(indeclinable)

व्रतम् (vratam) - vow, sacred observance, religious duty

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vrata

vrata - vow, sacred observance, religious duty, prescribed act, rule

मे (me) - my, to me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

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