महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-52, verse-6

विदुर उवाच ।
राजा महात्मा कुशली सपुत्र आस्ते वृतो ज्ञातिभिरिन्द्रकल्पैः ।
प्रीतो राजन्पुत्रगणैर्विनीतैर्विशोक एवात्मरतिर्दृढात्मा ॥६॥

6. vidura uvāca ,
rājā mahātmā kuśalī saputra; āste vṛto jñātibhirindrakalpaiḥ ,
prīto rājanputragaṇairvinītai;rviśoka evātmaratirdṛḍhātmā.

6. viduraḥ uvāca rājā mahātmā kuśalī
saputraḥ āste vṛtaḥ jñātibhiḥ indrakalpaiḥ
prītaḥ rājan putragaṇaiḥ
vinītaiḥ viśokaḥ eva ātmaratiḥ dṛḍhātmā

6. Vidura said: 'O King (rājan), the great-souled (mahātmā) king (Dhṛtarāṣṭra), along with his sons, is well. He is surrounded by kinsmen who are like Indra, and he is pleased by his well-behaved multitude of sons. He is indeed free from sorrow (viśoka), delights in his own self (ātmarati), and is firm-minded (dṛḍhātmā).'

Words meanings summery:

• विदुरः (viduraḥ) - Vidura

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

• राजा (rājā) - King Dhṛtarāṣṭra (king)

• महात्मा (mahātmā) - King Dhṛtarāṣṭra, who is great-souled (great-souled, noble-minded)

• कुशली (kuśalī) - well, healthy, skilled

• सपुत्रः (saputraḥ) - with his sons, accompanied by sons

• आस्ते (āste) - he is, he sits, he remains

• वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - surrounded, covered, chosen

• ज्ञातिभिः (jñātibhiḥ) - by kinsmen, by relatives

• इन्द्रकल्पैः (indrakalpaiḥ) - resembling Indra, like Indra

• प्रीतः (prītaḥ) - pleased, satisfied, glad

• राजन् (rājan) - O King Yudhiṣṭhira (O king)

• पुत्रगणैः (putragaṇaiḥ) - by the multitude/group of sons

• विनीतैः (vinītaiḥ) - by the well-behaved, modest

• विशोकः (viśokaḥ) - free from sorrow, sorrowless

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

• आत्मरतिः (ātmaratiḥ) - delighting in the self, self-content

• दृढात्मा (dṛḍhātmā) - firm-minded, resolute soul

Words meanings and morphology

विदुरः (viduraḥ) - Vidura

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidura

vidura - Vidura (name of a wise character in Mahābhārata)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

perfect third person singular active voice

from root vac

Root: vac (class 2)

राजा (rājā) - King Dhṛtarāṣṭra (king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

महात्मा (mahātmā) - King Dhṛtarāṣṭra, who is great-souled (great-souled, noble-minded)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, eminent; a great person

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahant+ātman)

• mahant – great, large
  adjective (masculine)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)

कुशली (kuśalī) - well, healthy, skilled

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kuśalin

kuśalin - healthy, well, skilled, prosperous

suffix -in

सपुत्रः (saputraḥ) - with his sons, accompanied by sons

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saputra

saputra - with sons, accompanied by children

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+putra)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
  prefix meaning 'with'
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

आस्ते (āste) - he is, he sits, he remains

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of ās

present third person singular middle voice

from root ās

Root: ās (class 2)

वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - surrounded, covered, chosen

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛta

vṛta - surrounded, covered, chosen

Past Passive Participle

from root vṛ (to cover/surround) or vṛ (to choose)

Root: vṛ (class 5)

ज्ञातिभिः (jñātibhiḥ) - by kinsmen, by relatives

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of jñāti

jñāti - kinsman, relative, family member

Root: jñā (class 9)

इन्द्रकल्पैः (indrakalpaiḥ) - resembling Indra, like Indra

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of indrakalpa

indrakalpa - resembling Indra, like Indra

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (indra+kalpa)

• indra – Indra (chief of the gods)
  proper noun (masculine)
• kalpa – resembling, like, similar to
  adjective (masculine)
  suffix -kalpa

Note: Qualifies 'jñātibhiḥ'.

प्रीतः (prītaḥ) - pleased, satisfied, glad

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prīta

prīta - pleased, satisfied, glad

Past Passive Participle

from root prī

Root: prī (class 9)

Note: Refers to the king.

राजन् (rājan) - O King Yudhiṣṭhira (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

पुत्रगणैः (putragaṇaiḥ) - by the multitude/group of sons

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of putragaṇa

putragaṇa - multitude of sons, group of children

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (putra+gaṇa)

• putra – son
  noun (masculine)
• gaṇa – group, multitude, host
  noun (masculine)
  Root: gaṇ (class 10)

विनीतैः (vinītaiḥ) - by the well-behaved, modest

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vinīta

vinīta - well-behaved, modest, disciplined, humble

Past Passive Participle

root nī with prefix vi

Prefix: vi

Root: nī (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'putragaṇaiḥ'.

विशोकः (viśokaḥ) - free from sorrow, sorrowless

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viśoka

viśoka - free from sorrow, sorrowless

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+śoka)

• vi – without, free from
  indeclinable
  privative prefix
• śoka – sorrow, grief
  noun (masculine)
  from root śuc
  Root: śuc (class 1)

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

(indeclinable)

आत्मरतिः (ātmaratiḥ) - delighting in the self, self-content

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ātmarati

ātmarati - delighting in the self (ātman), finding satisfaction within oneself

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ātman+rati)

• ātman – self, soul, spirit
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)
• rati – delight, pleasure, love
  noun (feminine)
  from root ram
  Root: ram (class 1)

दृढात्मा (dṛḍhātmā) - firm-minded, resolute soul

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dṛḍhātman

dṛḍhātman - firm-minded, resolute in spirit, strong-willed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dṛḍha+ātman)

• dṛḍha – firm, strong, steady
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root dṛh
  Root: dṛh (class 4)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)