महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-52, verse-19

इत्युक्त्वा प्रययौ राजा सह क्षत्त्रा युधिष्ठिरः ।
अमृष्यमाणस्तत्पार्थः समाह्वानमरिंदमः ॥१९॥

19. ityuktvā prayayau rājā saha kṣattrā yudhiṣṭhiraḥ ,
amṛṣyamāṇastatpārthaḥ samāhvānamariṁdamaḥ.

19. iti uktvā prayayau rājā saha kṣattrā yudhiṣṭhiraḥ
amṛṣyamāṇaḥ tat pārthaḥ samāhvānam arindamaḥ

19. Having said this, King Yudhishthira, the subduer of enemies, went forth with Vidura, unable to tolerate that challenge. He, the son of Pṛthā (Pārtha), could not endure that summons.

Words meanings summery:

• इति (iti) - thus, so, in this way

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, having spoken

• प्रययौ (prayayau) - he went forth, he departed

• राजा (rājā) - king

• सह (saha) - with, together with, accompanied by

• क्षत्त्रा (kṣattrā) - with Vidura (the half-brother of Dhritarashtra and Pandu, known for his wisdom) (by Vidura, with Vidura)

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira

• अमृष्यमाणः (amṛṣyamāṇaḥ) - not tolerating, not enduring, unable to bear

• तत् (tat) - that

• पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Yudhishthira (son of Kunti/Pṛthā) (son of Pṛthā (Kunti), Arjuna, Yudhishthira)

• समाह्वानम् (samāhvānam) - challenge, summons, invitation

• अरिन्दमः (arindamaḥ) - subduer of enemies, vanquisher of foes

Words meanings and morphology

इति (iti) - thus, so, in this way

(indeclinable)

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, having spoken

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from the root 'vac' (to speak) with the 'ktvā' suffix, indicating completion of action.

Root: vac (class 2)

प्रययौ (prayayau) - he went forth, he departed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Perfect (lit) of pra-yā

Prefix: pra

Root: yā (class 2)

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign, ruler

सह (saha) - with, together with, accompanied by

(indeclinable)

क्षत्त्रा (kṣattrā) - with Vidura (the half-brother of Dhritarashtra and Pandu, known for his wisdom) (by Vidura, with Vidura)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kṣattṛ

kṣattṛ - charioteer, chamberlain, a particular mixed caste, Vidura

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira (eldest of the Pandavas, son of Dharma and Kunti)

अमृष्यमाणः (amṛṣyamāṇaḥ) - not tolerating, not enduring, unable to bear

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of amṛṣyamāṇa

amṛṣyamāṇa - not bearing, not tolerating, unable to endure

Present Active Participle

Formed from the root 'mṛṣ' (to bear, endure) with the 'śānac' suffix, negated by the prefix 'a-'.

Prefix: a

Root: mṛṣ (class 4)

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'samāhvānam' (challenge).

पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Yudhishthira (son of Kunti/Pṛthā) (son of Pṛthā (Kunti), Arjuna, Yudhishthira)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (an epithet for Yudhishthira, Bhima, and Arjuna)

समाह्वानम् (samāhvānam) - challenge, summons, invitation

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of samāhvāna

samāhvāna - challenge, summons, invitation, call to battle

Derived from the root 'hvā' (to call) with prefixes 'sam' and 'ā', and the 'lyuṭ' suffix.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: hvā (class 1)

अरिन्दमः (arindamaḥ) - subduer of enemies, vanquisher of foes

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arindama

arindama - subduer of enemies, vanquisher of foes, enemy-taming

Compound type : aluk-tatpurusha (ari+dama)

• ari – enemy, foe, adversary
  noun (masculine)
• dama – taming, subduing, controlling
  noun (masculine)
  From the root 'dam' (to tame, subdue).
  Root: dam (class 1)

Note: Used as an epithet for Yudhishthira.