महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-52, verse-4

तं वै राजा सत्यधृतिर्महात्मा अजातशत्रुर्विदुरं यथावत् ।
पूजापूर्वं प्रतिगृह्याजमीढस्ततोऽपृच्छद्धृतराष्ट्रं सपुत्रम् ॥४॥

4. taṁ vai rājā satyadhṛtirmahātmā; ajātaśatrurviduraṁ yathāvat ,
pūjāpūrvaṁ pratigṛhyājamīḍha;stato'pṛcchaddhṛtarāṣṭraṁ saputram.

4. tam vai rājā satyadhṛtiḥ mahātmā
ajātaśatruḥ viduram yathāvat
pūjā-pūrvam pratigṛhya ājāmīḍhaḥ
tataḥ apṛcchat dhṛtarāṣṭram saputram

4. King Yudhiṣṭhira, who was firm in truth, great-souled (mahātmā), and without enemies, the scion of Ajāmīḍha, duly received Vidura with proper honors. Thereafter, he inquired about Dhṛtarāṣṭra and his sons.

4. המלך אַג׳ָאטַשַׁטְרוּ, איש האמת והנחישות ובעל הנפש הגדולה, קיבל את וִידוּרַה כראוי בכבוד רב. אחר כך, הוא צאצא אַג׳ַמִידְהַא, שאל אותו לשלום דְהְרְטְרָאשְׁטְרַה ובניו.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him (Vidura) (him, that)

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, surely

• राजा (rājā) - King Yudhiṣṭhira (king)

• सत्यधृतिः (satyadhṛtiḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira, who is firm in truth (firm in truth, holding to truth)

• महात्मा (mahātmā) - Yudhiṣṭhira, who is great-souled (great-souled, noble-minded)

• अजातशत्रुः (ajātaśatruḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira, who has no enemies (one who has no enemies, whose enemies are not born)

• विदुरम् (viduram) - Vidura

• यथावत् (yathāvat) - properly, duly, according to rule

• पूजापूर्वम् (pūjāpūrvam) - preceded by worship/honor

• प्रतिगृह्य (pratigṛhya) - having received, having accepted

• आजामीढः (ājāmīḍhaḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira, the scion of Ajāmīḍha (scion of Ajāmīḍha)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

• अपृच्छत् (apṛcchat) - he asked, inquired

• धृतराष्ट्रम् (dhṛtarāṣṭram) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra

• सपुत्रम् (saputram) - with his sons, accompanied by sons

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him (Vidura) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, surely

(indeclinable)

राजा (rājā) - King Yudhiṣṭhira (king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

सत्यधृतिः (satyadhṛtiḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira, who is firm in truth (firm in truth, holding to truth)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of satyadhṛti

satyadhṛti - firm in truth, true to one's word

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (satya+dhṛti)

• satya – truth, true
  noun (neuter)
  Root: as (class 2)
• dhṛti – firmness, constancy, resolve
  noun (feminine)
  from root dhṛ
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

महात्मा (mahātmā) - Yudhiṣṭhira, who is great-souled (great-souled, noble-minded)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, eminent; a great person

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahant+ātman)

• mahant – great, large
  adjective (masculine)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)

अजातशत्रुः (ajātaśatruḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira, who has no enemies (one who has no enemies, whose enemies are not born)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ajātaśatru

ajātaśatru - one whose enemies are unborn; having no enemies

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+jāta+śatru)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  privative prefix
• jāta – born, produced
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root jan
  Root: jan (class 4)
• śatru – enemy
  noun (masculine)

विदुरम् (viduram) - Vidura

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vidura

vidura - Vidura (name of a wise character in Mahābhārata)

यथावत् (yathāvat) - properly, duly, according to rule

(indeclinable)

पूजापूर्वम् (pūjāpūrvam) - preceded by worship/honor

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pūjāpūrva

pūjāpūrva - preceded by homage or worship

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pūjā+pūrva)

• pūjā – worship, honor, respect
  noun (feminine)
  Root: pūj (class 10)
• pūrva – preceded by, prior, former
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Functions adverbially here, qualifying the act of receiving.

प्रतिगृह्य (pratigṛhya) - having received, having accepted

(indeclinable)

absolutive

root grah with prefix prati, -ya suffix

Prefix: prati

Root: grah (class 9)

आजामीढः (ājāmīḍhaḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira, the scion of Ajāmīḍha (scion of Ajāmīḍha)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ājāmīḍha

ājāmīḍha - descendant of Ajāmīḍha (a patronymic, here for Yudhiṣṭhira)

from Ajāmīḍha with a patronymic suffix

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

(indeclinable)

अपृच्छत् (apṛcchat) - he asked, inquired

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pṛcch

imperfect third person singular active voice

from root prach (class 6)

Root: prach (class 6)

धृतराष्ट्रम् (dhṛtarāṣṭram) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (name of the blind king, father of the Kauravas)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dhṛta+rāṣṭra)

• dhṛta – held, supported
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root dhṛ
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• rāṣṭra – kingdom, realm
  noun (neuter)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

सपुत्रम् (saputram) - with his sons, accompanied by sons

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saputra

saputra - with sons, accompanied by children

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+putra)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
  prefix meaning 'with'
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

Previous Verse Next Verse