महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-52, verse-5

युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
विज्ञायते ते मनसो न प्रहर्षः कच्चित्क्षत्तः कुशलेनागतोऽसि ।
कच्चित्पुत्राः स्थविरस्यानुलोमा वशानुगाश्चापि विशोऽपि कच्चित् ॥५॥

5. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
vijñāyate te manaso na praharṣaḥ; kaccitkṣattaḥ kuśalenāgato'si ,
kaccitputrāḥ sthavirasyānulomā; vaśānugāścāpi viśo'pi kaccit.

5. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca vijñāyate te manasaḥ
na praharṣaḥ kaccit kṣattaḥ kuśalena
āgataḥ asi kaccit putrāḥ sthavirasya
anulomāḥ vaśānugāḥ ca api viśaḥ api kaccit

5. Yudhiṣṭhira said: 'It seems there is no joy (praharsa) in your mind. O Vidura (kṣattṛ), I hope you have arrived in good health? And are the old king's sons compliant and obedient? Are the subjects also following orders?'

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

• विज्ञायते (vijñāyate) - it is known, it appears, it is perceived

• ते (te) - your (Vidura's) (your, to you)

• मनसः (manasaḥ) - of the mind, from the mind

• न (na) - not, no

• प्रहर्षः (praharṣaḥ) - great joy, delight, exultation

• कच्चित् (kaccit) - I hope that, is it that (interrogative particle)

• क्षत्तः (kṣattaḥ) - O Vidura (O charioteer, O Vidura)

• कुशलेन (kuśalena) - with welfare, well, safely

• आगतः (āgataḥ) - arrived, come

• असि (asi) - you are

• कच्चित् (kaccit) - I hope that, is it that (interrogative particle)

• पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra's sons (sons)

• स्थविरस्य (sthavirasya) - of the old king Dhṛtarāṣṭra (of the old man)

• अनुलोमाः (anulomāḥ) - compliant, obedient, favorable

• वशानुगाः (vaśānugāḥ) - obedient, following orders

• च (ca) - and

• अपि (api) - also, even

• विशः (viśaḥ) - subjects, people

• अपि (api) - also, even

• कच्चित् (kaccit) - I hope that, is it that (interrogative particle)

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhiṣṭhira (name of the eldest Pāṇḍava)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle (locative of yudh)
  noun (feminine)
  locative singular of yudh
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• sthira – firm, steady
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

perfect third person singular active voice

from root vac

Root: vac (class 2)

विज्ञायते (vijñāyate) - it is known, it appears, it is perceived

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of vijñā

present third person singular middle/passive voice

root jñā with prefix vi, passive formation

Prefix: vi

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Can also be middle voice, often used impersonally.

ते (te) - your (Vidura's) (your, to you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Can also be dative.

मनसः (manasaḥ) - of the mind, from the mind

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, thought

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Can also be ablative.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

प्रहर्षः (praharṣaḥ) - great joy, delight, exultation

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of praharṣa

praharṣa - joy, delight, exultation

from root hṛṣ with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: hṛṣ (class 1)

कच्चित् (kaccit) - I hope that, is it that (interrogative particle)

(indeclinable)

क्षत्तः (kṣattaḥ) - O Vidura (O charioteer, O Vidura)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kṣattṛ

kṣattṛ - charioteer, chamberlain, doorkeeper; Vidura (as son of a kṣattṛ woman by a Kṣatriya)

Note: Refers to Vidura.

कुशलेन (kuśalena) - with welfare, well, safely

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of kuśala

kuśala - welfare, well-being, skill

Note: Functions adverbially.

आगतः (āgataḥ) - arrived, come

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āgata

āgata - arrived, come, obtained

Past Passive Participle

root gam with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Functions predicatively with 'asi'.

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

present second person singular active voice

from root as

Root: as (class 2)

कच्चित् (kaccit) - I hope that, is it that (interrogative particle)

(indeclinable)

पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra's sons (sons)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son, child

स्थविरस्य (sthavirasya) - of the old king Dhṛtarāṣṭra (of the old man)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of sthavira

sthavira - old, aged; an old man

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

अनुलोमाः (anulomāḥ) - compliant, obedient, favorable

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of anuloma

anuloma - following the hair-grain; compliant, obedient, favorable

Compound type : prādi-samāsa (anu+loma)

• anu – after, along, with
  indeclinable
  prefix
• loma – hair, order
  noun (neuter)

वशानुगाः (vaśānugāḥ) - obedient, following orders

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vaśānuga

vaśānuga - following one's will, obedient, compliant

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vaśa+anuga)

• vaśa – will, control, power
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vaś (class 2)
• anuga – following, accompanying
  adjective (masculine)
  from root gam with prefix anu
  Prefix: anu
  Root: gam (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

विशः (viśaḥ) - subjects, people

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of viś

viś - people, subjects, clan, settlement

Root: viś (class 6)

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

कच्चित् (kaccit) - I hope that, is it that (interrogative particle)

(indeclinable)