महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-38, verse-36

ततः स कथयामास दृष्ट्वा हंसस्य किल्बिषम् ।
तेषां परमदुःखार्तः स पक्षी सर्वपक्षिणाम् ॥३६॥

36. tataḥ sa kathayāmāsa dṛṣṭvā haṁsasya kilbiṣam ,
teṣāṁ paramaduḥkhārtaḥ sa pakṣī sarvapakṣiṇām.

36. tataḥ saḥ kathayāmāsa dṛṣṭvā haṃsasya kilbiṣam
teṣām paramaduḥkhārtaḥ saḥ pakṣī sarvapakṣiṇām

36. Then, that bird, greatly afflicted by the immense sorrow (of the other birds), having seen the swan's offense, narrated it to all the birds.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

• सः (saḥ) - that (wise) bird (he, that)

• कथयामास (kathayāmāsa) - he narrated, told, spoke

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having perceived

• हंसस्य (haṁsasya) - of the swan

• किल्बिषम् (kilbiṣam) - offense, sin, fault, crime

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of those (other birds) (of them, their)

• परमदुःखार्तः (paramaduḥkhārtaḥ) - greatly afflicted with sorrow, extremely distressed

• सः (saḥ) - that (wise) bird (he, that)

• पक्षी (pakṣī) - bird, winged creature

• सर्वपक्षिणाम् (sarvapakṣiṇām) - of all the birds

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - that (wise) bird (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

कथयामास (kathayāmāsa) - he narrated, told, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of kathaya

denominative from kathā (story), or causative of a lost root

Root: kath (class 10)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having perceived

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

from root dṛś + tvā suffix

Root: dṛś (class 1)

हंसस्य (haṁsasya) - of the swan

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of haṃsa

haṁsa - swan, goose

किल्बिषम् (kilbiṣam) - offense, sin, fault, crime

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kilbiṣa

kilbiṣa - offense, sin, fault, crime, evil deed

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of those (other birds) (of them, their)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

परमदुःखार्तः (paramaduḥkhārtaḥ) - greatly afflicted with sorrow, extremely distressed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paramaduḥkhārta

paramaduḥkhārta - greatly afflicted by sorrow, extremely distressed

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (parama+duḥkha+ārta)

• parama – supreme, highest, greatest, extreme
  adjective
• duḥkha – sorrow, suffering, pain, misery
  noun (neuter)
• ārta – afflicted, distressed, pained
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  from √ṛ (to go, move, attain) with prefix ā, or from √ard (to pain)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: ṛ (class 3)

सः (saḥ) - that (wise) bird (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

पक्षी (pakṣī) - bird, winged creature

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pakṣin

pakṣin - bird, winged creature

सर्वपक्षिणाम् (sarvapakṣiṇām) - of all the birds

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sarvapakṣin

sarvapakṣin - all birds, the totality of birds

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarva+pakṣin)

• sarva – all, whole, every
  adjective
• pakṣin – bird, winged creature
  noun (masculine)