महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-38, verse-8

चेतनारहितं काष्ठं यद्यनेन निपातितम् ।
पादेन शकटं भीष्म तत्र किं कृतमद्भुतम् ॥८॥

8. cetanārahitaṁ kāṣṭhaṁ yadyanena nipātitam ,
pādena śakaṭaṁ bhīṣma tatra kiṁ kṛtamadbhutam.

8. yadi anena cetanārahitam kāṣṭham nipātitam
pādena śakaṭam bhīṣma tatra kim kṛtam adbhutam

8. If by him an inanimate wooden cart was toppled with his foot, O Bhishma, what amazing deed was performed there?

Words meanings summery:

• यदि (yadi) - if, in case

• अनेन (anena) - by him, by this

• चेतनारहितम् (cetanārahitam) - devoid of consciousness, inanimate, senseless

• काष्ठम् (kāṣṭham) - wood, log, piece of wood

• निपातितम् (nipātitam) - thrown down, felled, caused to fall, toppled

• पादेन (pādena) - by foot, with the foot

• शकटम् (śakaṭam) - cart, wagon

• भीष्म (bhīṣma) - O Bhishma (addressing the character Bhishma) (Bhishma)

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that

• किम् (kim) - what, who, which

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - done, made, performed

• अद्भुतम् (adbhutam) - amazing, wonderful, marvelous

Words meanings and morphology

यदि (yadi) - if, in case

(indeclinable)

अनेन (anena) - by him, by this

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

चेतनारहितम् (cetanārahitam) - devoid of consciousness, inanimate, senseless

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of cetanārahita

cetanārahita - devoid of consciousness, inanimate, senseless, lifeless

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (cetanā+rahita)

• cetanā – consciousness, intelligence, sensation
  noun (feminine)
  Root: cit (class 1)
• rahita – devoid of, abandoned, forsaken, destitute of
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Formed from rah + kta (ta) suffix.
  Root: rah (class 1)

काष्ठम् (kāṣṭham) - wood, log, piece of wood

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kāṣṭha

kāṣṭha - wood, log, piece of wood, timber

निपातितम् (nipātitam) - thrown down, felled, caused to fall, toppled

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of nipātita

nipātita - thrown down, felled, caused to fall, prostrated, overthrown

Causative Past Passive Participle

Formed from ni-pat (causative pātay) + kta (ta) suffix.

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)

पादेन (pādena) - by foot, with the foot

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pāda

pāda - foot, leg, quarter, ray, column

शकटम् (śakaṭam) - cart, wagon

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śakaṭa

śakaṭa - cart, wagon, vehicle

भीष्म (bhīṣma) - O Bhishma (addressing the character Bhishma) (Bhishma)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (name of a Kuru elder), terrible, formidable

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that

(indeclinable)

किम् (kim) - what, who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, who, which

कृतम् (kṛtam) - done, made, performed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed, created, deed

Past Passive Participle

Formed from kṛ + kta (ta) suffix.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

अद्भुतम् (adbhutam) - amazing, wonderful, marvelous

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of adbhuta

adbhuta - amazing, wonderful, marvelous, extraordinary