महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-38, verse-10

भुक्तमेतेन बह्वन्नं क्रीडता नगमूर्धनि ।
इति ते भीष्म शृण्वानाः परं विस्मयमागताः ॥१०॥

10. bhuktametena bahvannaṁ krīḍatā nagamūrdhani ,
iti te bhīṣma śṛṇvānāḥ paraṁ vismayamāgatāḥ.

10. bhuktam etena bahu annam krīḍatā naga mūrdhani
iti te bhīṣma śṛṇvānāḥ param vismayam āgatāḥ

10. Bhishma, when they heard that much food had been consumed by him while he was playing on the mountaintop, they were greatly astonished.

Words meanings summery:

• भुक्तम् (bhuktam) - eaten, consumed

• एतेन (etena) - by Krishna (by this, by him)

• बहु (bahu) - much, many, abundant

• अन्नम् (annam) - food, grain

• क्रीडता (krīḍatā) - by him (Krishna) while playing (by one playing, while playing)

• नग (naga) - mountain (mountain, tree)

• मूर्धनि (mūrdhani) - on the top (of the mountain) (on the head, on the top)

• इति (iti) - thus (referring to the preceding statement) (thus, in this way, indicating direct speech)

• ते (te) - they (the listeners, possibly referring to others in the assembly) (they, those)

• भीष्म (bhīṣma) - Bhishma

• शृण्वानाः (śṛṇvānāḥ) - those who were hearing (hearing, listening)

• परम् (param) - great (astonishment) (supreme, great, highest)

• विस्मयम् (vismayam) - astonishment, wonder

• आगताः (āgatāḥ) - reached, attained (astonishment) (come, arrived, obtained)

Words meanings and morphology

भुक्तम् (bhuktam) - eaten, consumed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhukta

bhukta - eaten, enjoyed, consumed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'bhuj' with suffix 'kta'.

Root: bhuj (class 7)

Note: Predicate to 'annam'.

एतेन (etena) - by Krishna (by this, by him)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Krishna.

बहु (bahu) - much, many, abundant

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bahu

bahu - much, many, abundant

Note: Agrees with 'annam'.

अन्नम् (annam) - food, grain

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of anna

anna - food, grain

Past Passive Participle

From root 'ad' (to eat) with 'na' suffix, meaning "that which is eaten".

Root: ad (class 2)

Note: Subject of 'bhuktam'.

क्रीडता (krīḍatā) - by him (Krishna) while playing (by one playing, while playing)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of krīḍat

krīḍat - playing, amusing oneself

Present Active Participle

From root 'krīḍ' (to play) with 'śatṛ' suffix.

Root: krīḍ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'etena'.

नग (naga) - mountain (mountain, tree)

(noun)

masculine, singular of naga

naga - mountain, tree (lit. 'one that does not move')

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: First part of a compound 'nagamūrdhani'.

मूर्धनि (mūrdhani) - on the top (of the mountain) (on the head, on the top)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mūrdhan

mūrdhan - head, top, summit

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (naga+mūrdhan)

• naga – mountain, tree
  noun (masculine)
  Root: gam (class 1)
• mūrdhan – head, top, summit
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to the top of the mountain.

इति (iti) - thus (referring to the preceding statement) (thus, in this way, indicating direct speech)

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - they (the listeners, possibly referring to others in the assembly) (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the people hearing the story.

भीष्म (bhīṣma) - Bhishma

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (a proper name, lit. "terrible")

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Speaker addressing Bhishma.

शृण्वानाः (śṛṇvānāḥ) - those who were hearing (hearing, listening)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śṛṇvāna

śṛṇvāna - hearing, listening

Present Middle Participle

From root 'śru' (to hear) with 'śānac' suffix.

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'te'.

परम् (param) - great (astonishment) (supreme, great, highest)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of para

para - other, higher, supreme, excellent

Note: Agrees with 'vismayam'.

विस्मयम् (vismayam) - astonishment, wonder

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vismaya

vismaya - astonishment, wonder, surprise

Prefix: vi

Root: smi (class 1)

Note: Object of 'āgatāḥ' (reached astonishment).

आगताः (āgatāḥ) - reached, attained (astonishment) (come, arrived, obtained)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of āgata

āgata - come, arrived, attained

Past Passive Participle

From root 'gam' with prefix 'ā' and suffix 'kta'.

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'te'.