महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-12, verse-39

प्रियमेव परीप्सन्ते केचिदात्मनि यद्धितम् ।
एवंप्रायाश्च दृश्यन्ते जनवादाः प्रयोजने ॥३९॥

39. priyameva parīpsante kecidātmani yaddhitam ,
evaṁprāyāśca dṛśyante janavādāḥ prayojane.

39. priyam eva parīpsante kecit ātmani yat hitam
evaṃprāyāḥ ca dṛśyante janavādāḥ prayojane

39. Some individuals only desire what is beneficial to themselves (ātman) and what is pleasing. Similarly, in practical matters, public opinions (janavāda) of this nature are observed.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रियम् (priyam) - what is pleasing (dear, pleasant, what is pleasing)

• एव (eva) - only (only, just, indeed)

• परीप्सन्ते (parīpsante) - they desire (they desire, they wish to obtain)

• केचित् (kecit) - some individuals (some, certain ones)

• आत्मनि (ātmani) - to themselves (ātman) (in oneself, for oneself, to oneself)

• यत् (yat) - which (which, that which)

• हितम् (hitam) - beneficial (beneficial, salutary, good)

• एवंप्रायाः (evaṁprāyāḥ) - of this nature (of such a nature, mostly thus, suchlike)

• च (ca) - similarly (and, also)

• दृश्यन्ते (dṛśyante) - are observed (they are seen, they appear)

• जनवादाः (janavādāḥ) - public opinions (janavāda) (public opinions, common sayings, rumors)

• प्रयोजने (prayojane) - in practical matters (in a purpose, in a matter of utility, in a use)

Words meanings and morphology

प्रियम् (priyam) - what is pleasing (dear, pleasant, what is pleasing)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of priya

priya - dear, beloved, pleasing, agreeable

एव (eva) - only (only, just, indeed)

(indeclinable)

परीप्सन्ते (parīpsante) - they desire (they desire, they wish to obtain)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (Laṭ) of parīps

Desiderative of āp (to obtain) with prefix pari. Present middle.

Desiderative stem īps of root āp with prefix pari. parīpsate (3rd person singular). Here, parīpsante (3rd person plural, middle voice, ātmanepada).

Prefix: pari

Root: āp (class 5)

केचित् (kecit) - some individuals (some, certain ones)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kaścid

kaścid - some, a certain one

ka + cid (indeclinable particle)

आत्मनि (ātmani) - to themselves (ātman) (in oneself, for oneself, to oneself)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence

Note: The locative can indicate 'in relation to' or 'for'.

यत् (yat) - which (which, that which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, that which

Note: Refers to priyam and hitam.

हितम् (hitam) - beneficial (beneficial, salutary, good)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of hita

hita - beneficial, good, salutary, placed, laid

Past Passive Participle

From root dhā (to place, to put) with i (Vedic substitution for dhā).

Root: dhā (class 3)

एवंप्रायाः (evaṁprāyāḥ) - of this nature (of such a nature, mostly thus, suchlike)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of evaṃprāya

evaṁprāya - suchlike, mostly thus, of such a nature

Compound of evam (thus) and prāya (mostly, like).

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (evam+prāya)

• evam – thus, in this manner
  indeclinable
• prāya – mostly, like, resembling, abundance
  adjective (masculine)

च (ca) - similarly (and, also)

(indeclinable)

दृश्यन्ते (dṛśyante) - are observed (they are seen, they appear)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, present (Laṭ) of dṛś

Present passive

Root dṛś, 3rd person plural, passive voice.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

जनवादाः (janavādāḥ) - public opinions (janavāda) (public opinions, common sayings, rumors)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of janavāda

janavāda - popular opinion, public report, rumor, common saying

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (jana+vāda)

• jana – people, person, individual
  noun (masculine)
• vāda – speech, doctrine, opinion, statement
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vad (class 1)

प्रयोजने (prayojane) - in practical matters (in a purpose, in a matter of utility, in a use)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of prayojana

prayojana - purpose, object, motive, utility, use

Gerundive from pra-yuj

From pra + yuj (to join, to employ, to use).

Prefix: pra

Root: yuj (class 7)