महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-12, verse-19

युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
इयं या राजसूयस्य सम्राडर्हस्य सुक्रतोः ।
श्रद्दधानस्य वदतः स्पृहा मे सा कथं भवेत् ॥१९॥

19. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
iyaṁ yā rājasūyasya samrāḍarhasya sukratoḥ ,
śraddadhānasya vadataḥ spṛhā me sā kathaṁ bhavet.

19. Yudhiṣṭhira uvāca iyam yā rājasūyasya samrāḍarhasya
sukratuḥ śraddadhānasya vadataḥ spṛhā me sā katham bhavet

19. Yudhiṣṭhira uvāca sā iyam yā rājasūyasya samrāḍarhasya
sukratuḥ śraddadhānasya vadataḥ spṛhā me katham bhavet

19. Yudhishthira said: How can I possibly entertain the desire for this Rājasūya (Vedic ritual), this great ritual worthy of an emperor, about which one speaks with such deep faith (śraddhā)?

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhishthira

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• इयम् (iyam) - this, this one (feminine)

• या (yā) - which, who (feminine)

• राजसूयस्य (rājasūyasya) - of the great imperial Vedic ritual (yajña) (of the Rājasūya)

• सम्राडर्हस्य (samrāḍarhasya) - of the Rājasūya (Vedic ritual) which is fitting for a universal monarch (of the worthy emperor, of that which is worthy of an emperor)

• सुक्रतुः (sukratuḥ) - of the great Rājasūya (Vedic ritual) (of the excellent rite, of the great ritual)

• श्रद्दधानस्य (śraddadhānasya) - of one who speaks or hears about it with faith (śraddhā) (of one who has faith, of a faithful one)

• वदतः (vadataḥ) - of one who speaks about the Rājasūya (Vedic ritual) (of one who speaks, of the speaker)

• स्पृहा (spṛhā) - desire for performing the Rājasūya (Vedic ritual) (desire, longing, aspiration)

• मे (me) - my (desire) (my, to me, for me)

• सा (sā) - that (desire) (that, she)

• कथम् (katham) - how?

• भवेत् (bhavet) - how can it come to exist (for me) (may it be, should it be, how can it be)

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhishthira

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of Yudhiṣṭhira

Yudhiṣṭhira - Firm in battle; name of the eldest Pandava

Compound of yudhi (in battle, locative of yudh 'battle') and sthira (firm, steady).

Compound type : Aluk-tatpurusha (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle
  noun (feminine)
  Locative singular of yudh (battle)
• sthira – firm, steady, stable
  adjective (masculine)
  From root sthā (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: The nominative singular form without visarga due to absence of sandhi in the original Devanagari.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Strong form of perfect root for 3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

इयम् (iyam) - this, this one (feminine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Demonstrative pronoun

या (yā) - which, who (feminine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

Relative pronoun

राजसूयस्य (rājasūyasya) - of the great imperial Vedic ritual (yajña) (of the Rājasūya)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rājasūya

rājasūya - imperial consecration, a great Vedic ritual (yajña)

From rājan (king) + root su (to press soma)

Compound type : Tatpurusha (rājan+sūya)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• sūya – pressing of soma, consecration
  noun (masculine)
  From root su (to press, to impel)
  Root: su (class 2)

Note: Refers to the Rājasūya (Vedic ritual).

सम्राडर्हस्य (samrāḍarhasya) - of the Rājasūya (Vedic ritual) which is fitting for a universal monarch (of the worthy emperor, of that which is worthy of an emperor)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of samrāḍarha

samrāḍarha - worthy of an emperor, fitting for a universal monarch

Compound of samrāṭ (emperor) and arha (worthy)

Compound type : Tatpurusha (samrāṭ+arha)

• samrāṭ – emperor, universal monarch
  noun (masculine)
  From sam + rāj (to rule)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: rāj (class 1)
• arha – worthy, deserving, fitting
  adjective (masculine)
  From root arh (to deserve)
  Root: arh (class 1)

Note: Qualifying rājasūyasya.

सुक्रतुः (sukratuḥ) - of the great Rājasūya (Vedic ritual) (of the excellent rite, of the great ritual)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of sukratu

sukratu - an excellent or great ritual (yajña), a good deed

Compound of su (good, excellent) and kratu (ritual, deed)

Compound type : Karmadharaya (su+kratu)

• su – good, excellent, well
  indeclinable
  Prefix
• kratu – ritual (yajña), sacrifice, deed, power
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifying rājasūyasya.

श्रद्दधानस्य (śraddadhānasya) - of one who speaks or hears about it with faith (śraddhā) (of one who has faith, of a faithful one)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śraddadhāna

śraddadhāna - faithful, believing, trusting, having faith (śraddhā)

Present Active Participle

From śrad + dhā (to place faith)

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Modifying 'vadataḥ' or implying a person.

वदतः (vadataḥ) - of one who speaks about the Rājasūya (Vedic ritual) (of one who speaks, of the speaker)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vadat

vadat - speaking, saying

Present Active Participle

From root vad (to speak)

Root: vad (class 1)

स्पृहा (spṛhā) - desire for performing the Rājasūya (Vedic ritual) (desire, longing, aspiration)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of spṛhā

spṛhā - desire, longing, aspiration, envy

From root spṛh (to desire)

Root: spṛh (class 1)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

मे (me) - my (desire) (my, to me, for me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

First person pronoun

सा (sā) - that (desire) (that, she)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Referring to spṛhā.

कथम् (katham) - how?

(indeclinable)

Interrogative adverb

भवेत् (bhavet) - how can it come to exist (for me) (may it be, should it be, how can it be)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of bhū

Optative Active

Root: bhū (class 1)