महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-12, verse-20

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
एवमुक्तास्तु ते तेन राज्ञा राजीवलोचन ।
इदमूचुर्वचः काले धर्मात्मानं युधिष्ठिरम् ।
अर्हस्त्वमसि धर्मज्ञ राजसूयं महाक्रतुम् ॥२०॥

20. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
evamuktāstu te tena rājñā rājīvalocana ,
idamūcurvacaḥ kāle dharmātmānaṁ yudhiṣṭhiram ,
arhastvamasi dharmajña rājasūyaṁ mahākratum.

20. Vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca evam uktāḥ tu te tena
rājñā rājīvalocana idam ūcuḥ vacaḥ
kāle dharmātmānam Yudhiṣṭhiram arhaḥ
tvam asi dharmajña rājasūyam mahākratum

20. Vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca rājīvalocana,
tena rājñā evam uktāḥ tu te kāle dharmātmānam Yudhiṣṭhiram idam vacaḥ ūcuḥ.
dharmajña,
tvam rājasūyam mahākratum arhaḥ asi.

20. Vaiśampāyana said: O lotus-eyed one, when they were thus addressed by that king, they spoke these words at that time to Yudhishthira, the virtuous soul: 'O knower of natural law (dharma), you are indeed worthy of the Rājasūya (Vedic ritual), the great ritual!'

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaishampayana

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• उक्ताः (uktāḥ) - the counselors/brothers, having been addressed by the king (addressed, spoken to)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• ते (te) - the counselors/brothers (speaking to Yudhishthira) (they)

• तेन (tena) - by that king (Yudhishthira) (by that)

• राज्ञा (rājñā) - by King Yudhishthira (by the king)

• राजीवलोचन (rājīvalocana) - O Janamejaya (addressed by Vaiśampāyana) (O lotus-eyed one)

• इदम् (idam) - these (words) (this, these)

• ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they spoke

• वचः (vacaḥ) - these words (word, speech)

• काले (kāle) - at the time

• धर्मात्मानम् (dharmātmānam) - Yudhishthira, whose soul is imbued with dharma (the virtuous soul, the righteous one)

• युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - Yudhishthira

• अर्हः (arhaḥ) - worthy, deserving

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• असि (asi) - you are

• धर्मज्ञ (dharmajña) - O Yudhishthira, knower of righteousness and duty (O knower of natural law (dharma))

• राजसूयम् (rājasūyam) - the Rājasūya (Vedic ritual) (Rājasūya)

• महाक्रतुम् (mahākratum) - the great Rājasūya (Vedic ritual) (great ritual)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaishampayana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of Vaiśaṃpāyana

Vaiśaṁpāyana - Name of the narrator of the Mahabharata to Janamejaya

Note: The nominative singular form without visarga due to absence of sandhi in the original Devanagari.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Strong form of perfect root for 3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

उक्ताः (uktāḥ) - the counselors/brothers, having been addressed by the king (addressed, spoken to)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ukta

ukta - said, spoken, addressed

Past Passive Participle

From root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - the counselors/brothers (speaking to Yudhishthira) (they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun

तेन (tena) - by that king (Yudhishthira) (by that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun

राज्ञा (rājñā) - by King Yudhishthira (by the king)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

राजीवलोचन (rājīvalocana) - O Janamejaya (addressed by Vaiśampāyana) (O lotus-eyed one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājīvalocana

rājīvalocana - lotus-eyed

Compound of rājīva (lotus) and locana (eye)

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (rājīva+locana)

• rājīva – lotus
  noun (neuter)
• locana – eye
  noun (neuter)
  From root loc (to see)
  Root: loc (class 10)

इदम् (idam) - these (words) (this, these)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of idam

idam - this, this one

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Qualifies 'vacaḥ'.

ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they spoke

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Root: vac (class 2)

वचः (vacaḥ) - these words (word, speech)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of vacas

vacas - word, speech, saying

From root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

काले (kāle) - at the time

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, period, season

धर्मात्मानम् (dharmātmānam) - Yudhishthira, whose soul is imbued with dharma (the virtuous soul, the righteous one)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharmātman

dharmātman - a virtuous or righteous person, one whose nature is natural law (dharma)

Compound of dharma (natural law) and ātman (self/soul)

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (dharma+ātman)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• ātman – self, soul, essence, individual spirit
  noun (masculine)
  Root: at (class 1)

युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - Yudhishthira

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of Yudhiṣṭhira

Yudhiṣṭhira - Firm in battle; name of the eldest Pandava

Compound of yudhi (in battle, locative of yudh 'battle') and sthira (firm, steady).

Compound type : Aluk-tatpurusha (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle
  noun (feminine)
  Locative singular of yudh (battle)
• sthira – firm, steady, stable
  adjective (masculine)
  From root sthā (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

अर्हः (arhaḥ) - worthy, deserving

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arha

arha - worthy, deserving, fitting, suitable

From root arh (to deserve)

Root: arh (class 1)

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Second person pronoun

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (lat) of as

Present Active

Root: as (class 2)

धर्मज्ञ (dharmajña) - O Yudhishthira, knower of righteousness and duty (O knower of natural law (dharma))

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of dharmajña

dharmajña - knower of natural law (dharma), one who understands righteousness

Compound of dharma (natural law) and jña (knower)

Compound type : Tatpurusha (dharma+jña)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• jña – knower, understanding
  adjective (masculine)
  From root jñā (to know)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

राजसूयम् (rājasūyam) - the Rājasūya (Vedic ritual) (Rājasūya)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rājasūya

rājasūya - imperial consecration, a great Vedic ritual (yajña)

From rājan (king) + root su (to press soma)

Compound type : Tatpurusha (rājan+sūya)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• sūya – pressing of soma, consecration
  noun (masculine)
  From root su (to press, to impel)
  Root: su (class 2)

महाक्रतुम् (mahākratum) - the great Rājasūya (Vedic ritual) (great ritual)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahākratu

mahākratu - a great ritual (yajña), a great deed

Compound of mahā (great) and kratu (ritual, deed)

Compound type : Karmadharaya (mahā+kratu)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• kratu – ritual (yajña), sacrifice, deed, power
  noun (masculine)