महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-12, verse-23

सामर्थ्ययोगं संप्रेक्ष्य देशकालौ व्ययागमौ ।
विमृश्य सम्यक्च धिया कुर्वन्प्राज्ञो न सीदति ॥२३॥

23. sāmarthyayogaṁ saṁprekṣya deśakālau vyayāgamau ,
vimṛśya samyakca dhiyā kurvanprājño na sīdati.

23. sāmarthyayogam samprekṣya deśakālau vyayāgamau
vimṛśya samyak ca dhiyā kurvan prājñaḥ na sīdati

23. A wise person (prājña), having thoroughly observed the combination of capabilities, considering also the place, time, expenditures, and incomes, and having properly deliberated with their intellect, does not fail when acting.

Words meanings summery:

• सामर्थ्ययोगम् (sāmarthyayogam) - combination of capabilities (combination of capabilities, union of abilities)

• सम्प्रेक्ष्य (samprekṣya) - having thoroughly observed (having thoroughly observed, having examined, having seen well)

• देशकालौ (deśakālau) - place and time

• व्ययागमौ (vyayāgamau) - expenditures and incomes

• विमृश्य (vimṛśya) - having deliberated, having considered

• सम्यक् (samyak) - properly (properly, correctly, completely)

• च (ca) - also (and)

• धिया (dhiyā) - with their intellect (by intellect, with understanding)

• कुर्वन् (kurvan) - acting (doing, performing, acting)

• प्राज्ञः (prājñaḥ) - wise person, intelligent person

• न (na) - not, no

• सीदति (sīdati) - fails (sinks, perishes, fails, despairs)

Words meanings and morphology

सामर्थ्ययोगम् (sāmarthyayogam) - combination of capabilities (combination of capabilities, union of abilities)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sāmarthyayoga

sāmarthyayoga - combination of capabilities, union of power/ability

Compound noun: sāmarthya (ability, capability) + yoga (union, application, combination).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sāmarthya+yoga)

• sāmarthya – ability, capability, power
  noun (neuter)
  From samartha (able, capable).
• yoga – union, application, endeavor, discipline (yoga)
  noun (masculine)
  From root yuj (to yoke, to join).
  Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Object of 'samprekṣya'.

सम्प्रेक्ष्य (samprekṣya) - having thoroughly observed (having thoroughly observed, having examined, having seen well)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root īkṣ with prefixes sam- and pra-, and suffix -ya for absolutive.

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Gerund indicates prior action.

देशकालौ (deśakālau) - place and time

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of deśakāla

deśakāla - place and time

Dvanda compound.

Compound type : dvandva (deśa+kāla)

• deśa – place, region, country
  noun (masculine)
• kāla – time, period, season
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of 'samprekṣya'.

व्ययागमौ (vyayāgamau) - expenditures and incomes

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of vyayāgama

vyayāgama - expenditure and income

Dvanda compound.

Compound type : dvandva (vyaya+āgama)

• vyaya – expenditure, expense, loss
  noun (masculine)
  From vi-i (to go apart).
  Root: i (class 2)
• āgama – income, arrival, coming
  noun (masculine)
  From ā-gam (to come).
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Object of 'samprekṣya'.

विमृश्य (vimṛśya) - having deliberated, having considered

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root mṛś with prefix vi-, and suffix -ya for absolutive.

Prefix: vi

Root: mṛś (class 6)

Note: Gerund indicates prior action.

सम्यक् (samyak) - properly (properly, correctly, completely)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form of samyañc.

Note: Adverb modifying 'vimṛśya'.

च (ca) - also (and)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'vimṛśya' with other actions.

धिया (dhiyā) - with their intellect (by intellect, with understanding)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of dhī

dhī - intellect, thought, understanding, wisdom

Note: Instrumental case indicates the means.

कुर्वन् (kurvan) - acting (doing, performing, acting)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛ

kṛ - to do, to make, to perform

Present Active Participle

From root kṛ (class 8), present stem kar- + -at suffix.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Qualifies 'prājñaḥ'.

प्राज्ञः (prājñaḥ) - wise person, intelligent person

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prājña

prājña - wise, intelligent, learned (noun: a wise person)

Derived from pra-jñā (to know well).

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the verb 'sīdati'.

सीदति (sīdati) - fails (sinks, perishes, fails, despairs)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of sad

Present tense, Parasmaipada, 3rd person singular

Root sad (class 1, sometimes 6 with 'ā'). Present stem sīd-.

Root: sad (class 1)