महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-90, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
स प्रविश्य यथान्यायं पाण्डवानां निवेशनम् ।
पितामहीमभ्यवदत्साम्ना परमवल्गुना ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
sa praviśya yathānyāyaṁ pāṇḍavānāṁ niveśanam ,
pitāmahīmabhyavadatsāmnā paramavalgunā.

1. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca sa praviśya yathānyāyam pāṇḍavānām
niveśanam pitāmahīm abhyavadat sāmnā paramavalguna

1. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca saḥ yathānyāyam pāṇḍavānām niveśanam
praviśya pitāmahīm paramavalguna sāmnā abhyavadat

1. Vaiśampāyana said: Having entered the dwelling of the Pandavas in the proper manner, he addressed his grandmother with exceedingly pleasing words.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - The narrator of the Mahabharata to King Janamejaya. (Vaiśampāyana)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• स (sa) - Refers to Babhruvāhana. (he)

• प्रविश्य (praviśya) - having entered

• यथान्यायम् (yathānyāyam) - Describes the appropriate manner of his entrance into the dwelling. (according to justice/propriety, duly, properly)

• पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - Refers to the five Pandava brothers and their household. (of the Pandavas)

• निवेशनम् (niveśanam) - dwelling, abode, house

• पितामहीम् (pitāmahīm) - Refers to Kunti, whom Babhruvāhana addresses. (to the grandmother)

• अभ्यवदत् (abhyavadat) - addressed, spoke to

• साम्ना (sāmnā) - Describes the polite and respectful nature of his address. (with gentle words, with conciliation)

• परमवल्गुन (paramavalguna) - Describes the quality of the words used for addressing the grandmother. (extremely pleasing/sweet)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - The narrator of the Mahabharata to King Janamejaya. (Vaiśampāyana)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaiśampāyana (name of a sage and narrator)

Note: The speaker of this narrative section.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect active third singular

root vac- (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

स (sa) - Refers to Babhruvāhana. (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he

प्रविश्य (praviśya) - having entered

(indeclinable)

absolutive

prefix pra- + root viś- (to enter) + suffix -ya

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

यथान्यायम् (yathānyāyam) - Describes the appropriate manner of his entrance into the dwelling. (according to justice/propriety, duly, properly)

(indeclinable)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+nyāya)

• yathā – as, according to
  indeclinable
• nyāya – rule, justice, method, logic
  noun (masculine)
  prefix ni- + root i- (to go) + suffix -a
  Prefix: ni
  Root: i (class 2)

पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - Refers to the five Pandava brothers and their household. (of the Pandavas)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pandu, Pandava

from Pāṇḍu + suffix -a

Note: Possessive modifier for 'niveśanam'.

निवेशनम् (niveśanam) - dwelling, abode, house

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of niveśana

niveśana - dwelling, house, abode

prefix ni- + root viś- (to enter) + suffix -ana

Prefix: ni

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Object of 'praviśya'.

पितामहीम् (pitāmahīm) - Refers to Kunti, whom Babhruvāhana addresses. (to the grandmother)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pitāmahī

pitāmahī - paternal grandmother

Note: Object of 'abhyavadat'.

अभ्यवदत् (abhyavadat) - addressed, spoke to

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of abhyavad

Imperfect active third singular

prefix abhi- + prefix ava- + root vad- (to speak)

Prefixes: abhi+ava

Root: vad (class 1)

साम्ना (sāmnā) - Describes the polite and respectful nature of his address. (with gentle words, with conciliation)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of sāman

sāman - conciliation, gentle words, a Sāman chant

Note: Manner in which he addressed her.

परमवल्गुन (paramavalguna) - Describes the quality of the words used for addressing the grandmother. (extremely pleasing/sweet)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of paramavalguna

paramavalguna - extremely pleasing, very sweet, very gentle

Compound type : karmadhāraya (parama+valguna)

• parama – supreme, utmost, excellent
  adjective (masculine)
• valguna – pleasing, beautiful, charming, sweet
  adjective (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'sāmnā'.