महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-9, verse-31

home » Scriptures Library » Mahabharata

View complete chapter

अग्निरुवाच ।
यत्र शर्यातिं च्यवनो याजयिष्यन्सहाश्विभ्यां सोममगृह्णदेकः ।
तं त्वं क्रुद्धः प्रत्यषेधीः पुरस्ताच्छर्यातियज्ञं स्मर तं महेन्द्र ॥३१॥

31. agniruvāca ,
yatra śaryātiṁ cyavano yājayiṣya;nsahāśvibhyāṁ somamagṛhṇadekaḥ ,
taṁ tvaṁ kruddhaḥ pratyaṣedhīḥ purastā;ccharyātiyajñaṁ smara taṁ mahendra.

31. agniḥ uvāca yatra śaryātim cyavanaḥ
yājayişyan saha aśvibhyām somam agṛhṇat
ekaḥ tam tvam kruddhaḥ pratyaṣedhīḥ
purastāt śaryātīyajñam smara tam mahendra

31. mahendra smara tam yatra cyavanaḥ
yājayişyan śaryātim saha aśvibhyām somam
ekaḥ agṛhṇat tvam kruddhaḥ purastāt
pratyaṣedhīḥ tam śaryātīyajñam agniḥ uvāca

31. Agni spoke: "O great Indra, remember that occasion when Cyavana, while officiating for King Śaryāti in a Vedic ritual (yajña), was about to accept the soma offering for the Aśvins, uniquely. You, becoming enraged, previously obstructed him at that very Vedic ritual (yajña) of Śaryāti."

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

अग्निः (agniḥ) - Agni, the fire deity, speaking (fire, Agni (the fire deity))

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

यत्र (yatra) - when, on that occasion (where, when)

शर्यातिम् (śaryātim) - King Śaryāti

च्यवनः (cyavanaḥ) - The sage Cyavana (Cyavana (a sage))

याजयिşयन् (yājayişyan) - intending to make King Śaryāti perform a Vedic ritual (intending to make perform a Vedic ritual, about to cause to perform a Vedic ritual)

सह (saha) - with, together with

अश्विभ्याम् (aśvibhyām) - for the two Aśvins (for the two Aśvins, with the two Aśvins)

सोमम् (somam) - the soma offering (soma (a ritual drink, a deity))

अगृह्णत् (agṛhṇat) - was about to accept (implied by yājayişyan) (took, accepted)

एकः (ekaḥ) - uniquely, exclusively (referring to Cyavana's controversial act of offering Soma to Aśvins) (alone, unique, singular)

तम् (tam) - that (act) (that, him)

त्वम् (tvam) - You (Indra) (you)

क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged, angry

प्रत्यषेधीः (pratyaṣedhīḥ) - you obstructed, you forbade

पुरस्तात् (purastāt) - previously, on a prior occasion (previously, in front, before)

शर्यातीयज्ञम् (śaryātīyajñam) - the Vedic ritual (yajña) of King Śaryāti (Śaryāti's Vedic ritual)

स्मर (smara) - remember

तम् (tam) - that (Vedic ritual/incident) (that, him)

महेन्द्र (mahendra) - O great Indra

Words meanings and morphology

अग्निः (agniḥ) - Agni, the fire deity, speaking (fire, Agni (the fire deity))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of agni

agni - fire, Agni (the fire deity)

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

perfect active

Perfect 3rd person singular active parasmaipada, from root vac (class 2)

Root: vac (class 2)

यत्र (yatra) - when, on that occasion (where, when)

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'yad' + 'traL' suffix

शर्यातिम् (śaryātim) - King Śaryāti

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śaryāti

śaryāti - name of a king, son of Manu Vaivasvata

च्यवनः (cyavanaḥ) - The sage Cyavana (Cyavana (a sage))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of cyavana

cyavana - name of a powerful sage

याजयिşयन् (yājayişyan) - intending to make King Śaryāti perform a Vedic ritual (intending to make perform a Vedic ritual, about to cause to perform a Vedic ritual)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yājayişyat

yājayişyat - about to cause to perform a Vedic ritual, intending to make offer

Future active participle (Śatṛ)

From root yaj (to perform Vedic ritual) in causative (yājaya) + Śatṛ suffix (future active participle)

Root: yaj (class 1)

Note: Modifies Cyavanaḥ

सह (saha) - with, together with

(indeclinable)

Note: Requires instrumental case

अश्विभ्याम् (aśvibhyām) - for the two Aśvins (for the two Aśvins, with the two Aśvins)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, dual of aśvin

aśvin - the divine horsemen, twin deities, physicians of the gods

Note: Can also be dative or ablative dual. Here it seems instrumental with saha, or dative (for them).

सोमम् (somam) - the soma offering (soma (a ritual drink, a deity))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of soma

soma - the juice of a plant, offered in Vedic rituals; a deity associated with it; the moon

Note: Object of agṛhṇat

अगृह्णत् (agṛhṇat) - was about to accept (implied by yājayişyan) (took, accepted)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of grah

Imperfect active

Imperfect 3rd person singular active parasmaipada, from root grah (class 9)

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: The meaning 'was about to take/accept' comes from the context with the future participle yājayişyan.

एकः (ekaḥ) - uniquely, exclusively (referring to Cyavana's controversial act of offering Soma to Aśvins) (alone, unique, singular)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, unique, alone, single

Note: Modifies Cyavanaḥ. Highlights the unique/controversial nature of the offering.

तम् (tam) - that (act) (that, him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Cyavana's action of taking soma for the Aśvins.

त्वम् (tvam) - You (Indra) (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged, angry

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kruddha

kruddha - angry, enraged

Past Passive Participle

From root krudh (to be angry) + kta suffix (past passive participle)

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Modifies tvam

प्रत्यषेधीः (pratyaṣedhīḥ) - you obstructed, you forbade

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pratiṣidh

Imperfect active

Imperfect 2nd person singular active parasmaipada, from root sidh (to accomplish, to avert) with prefix prati (against)

Prefix: prati

Root: sidh (class 4)

पुरस्तात् (purastāt) - previously, on a prior occasion (previously, in front, before)

(indeclinable)

Adverb formed from pura + tasil suffix

शर्यातीयज्ञम् (śaryātīyajñam) - the Vedic ritual (yajña) of King Śaryāti (Śaryāti's Vedic ritual)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śaryātīyajña

śaryātīyajña - Śaryāti's Vedic ritual

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śaryāti+yajña)

śaryāti – name of a king
proper noun (masculine)
yajña – Vedic ritual, ceremony, offering
noun (masculine)
From root yaj (to worship, perform Vedic ritual)
Root: yaj (class 1)

Note: Object of pratyaṣedhīḥ

स्मर (smara) - remember

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of smṛ

Imperative active

Imperative 2nd person singular active parasmaipada, from root smṛ (class 1)

Root: smṛ (class 1)

तम् (tam) - that (Vedic ritual/incident) (that, him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the whole incident related to Śaryāti's yajña.