महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-9, verse-15

यदर्थं मां प्राहिणोत्त्वत्सकाशं बृहस्पतिं परिदातुं मरुत्ते ।
अयं गुरुर्याजयिता नृप त्वां मर्त्यं सन्तममरं त्वां करोतु ॥१५॥

15. yadarthaṁ māṁ prāhiṇottvatsakāśaṁ; bṛhaspatiṁ paridātuṁ marutte ,
ayaṁ gururyājayitā nṛpa tvāṁ; martyaṁ santamamaraṁ tvāṁ karotu.

15. yadartham mām prāhiṇot tvatsakāśam
bṛhaspatim paridātum marutte
| ayam guruḥ yājayitā nṛpa tvām
martyam santam amaram tvām karotu

15. marutte nṛpa yadartham (saḥ) mām
tvatsakāśam bṛhaspatim paridātum
prāhiṇot ayam guruḥ tvām yājayitā
martyam santam amaram tvām karotu

15. O Marutta, the purpose for which he sent me to your presence was to hand over Bṛhaspati. O king, may this preceptor, the officiant for your Vedic ritual (yajña), make you, though mortal, immortal.

Words meanings summery:

• यदर्थम् (yadartham) - for which purpose, why

• माम् (mām) - me

• प्राहिणोत् (prāhiṇot) - sent

• त्वत्सकाशम् (tvatsakāśam) - to your presence, near you

• बृहस्पतिम् (bṛhaspatim) - Bṛhaspati

• परिदातुम् (paridātum) - to hand over, to give back

• मरुत्ते (marutte) - O Marutta!

• अयम् (ayam) - Refers to Bṛhaspati. (this)

• गुरुः (guruḥ) - Bṛhaspati, the preceptor of the gods (preceptor, teacher)

• याजयिता (yājayitā) - one who will cause to perform a Vedic ritual, ritual officiant

• नृप (nṛpa) - O king!

• त्वाम् (tvām) - you

• मर्त्यम् (martyam) - mortal

• सन्तम् (santam) - being, existing

• अमरम् (amaram) - immortal

• त्वाम् (tvām) - you

• करोतु (karotu) - may he make

Words meanings and morphology

यदर्थम् (yadartham) - for which purpose, why

(indeclinable)

compound of 'yat' (what, which) and 'artha' (purpose, object)

Compound type : tatpurusha (yat+artha)

• yat – what, which
  pronoun (neuter)
  stem of relative pronoun ya
• artha – purpose, meaning, object, wealth
  noun (masculine)
  Root: arth (class 1)

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

प्राहिणोत् (prāhiṇot) - sent

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of pra-hi

Aorist active, 3rd person singular. From root 'hā' (to send) with prefix 'pra'.

Prefix: pra

Root: hā (class 3)

त्वत्सकाशम् (tvatsakāśam) - to your presence, near you

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tvatsakāśa

tvatsakāśa - your presence, near you

compound of 'tvat' (your, from 'tva') and 'sakāśa' (presence, proximity)

Compound type : tatpurusha (tvat+sakāśa)

• tvat – you (stem)
  pronoun
  ablative/genitive stem of 'tva' (you)
• sakāśa – presence, proximity, vicinity
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: sa

बृहस्पतिम् (bṛhaspatim) - Bṛhaspati

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bṛhaspati

bṛhaspati - Lord of prayer or devotion, name of a Vedic deity, preceptor of the gods

compound of 'bṛhas' (prayer) and 'pati' (lord)

Compound type : tatpurusha (bṛhas+pati)

• bṛhas – prayer, devotion, hymn
  noun (neuter)
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)
  Root: pā (class 2)

परिदातुम् (paridātum) - to hand over, to give back

(verb)

infinitive (tumun) of pari-dā

infinitive

Infinitive form of root 'dā' (to give) with prefix 'pari'.

Prefix: pari

Root: dā (class 3)

मरुत्ते (marutte) - O Marutta!

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of marutta

marutta - Marutta (name of a king)

अयम् (ayam) - Refers to Bṛhaspati. (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

गुरुः (guruḥ) - Bṛhaspati, the preceptor of the gods (preceptor, teacher)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of guru

guru - heavy, venerable, teacher, preceptor, master

Note: Predicate nominative for 'ayam'.

याजयिता (yājayitā) - one who will cause to perform a Vedic ritual, ritual officiant

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yājayitṛ

yājayitṛ - a sacrificer (one who causes to perform a yajña), a ritual officiant

agent noun (future participle of causative verb)

Derived from the causative of root 'yaj' (to perform a yajña) with the 'tṛ' suffix, implying future action.

Root: yaj (class 1)

Note: Future agent noun.

नृप (nṛpa) - O king!

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, protector of men

compound of 'nṛ' (man) and 'pā' (to protect)

Compound type : tatpurusha (nṛ+pā)

• nṛ – man, men
  noun (masculine)
• pā – protector, preserver
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun from root pā (to protect)
  Root: pā (class 2)

त्वाम् (tvām) - you

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular/plural)

Note: Object of 'yājayitā'.

मर्त्यम् (martyam) - mortal

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of martya

martya - mortal, human, relating to mortals

Derived from 'mṛ' (to die).

Root: mṛ (class 1)

सन्तम् (santam) - being, existing

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sat

sat - being, existing, good, real

present active participle

Present active participle of root 'as' (to be).

Root: as (class 2)

अमरम् (amaram) - immortal

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of amara

amara - immortal, god, deity

negative prefix 'a' + 'mara' (mortal)

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+mara)

• a – not, non
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• mara – mortal, dying
  adjective (masculine)
  from root mṛ (to die)
  Root: mṛ (class 1)

त्वाम् (tvām) - you

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular/plural)

Note: Direct object of 'karotu'.

करोतु (karotu) - may he make

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of kṛ

imperative active, 3rd person singular

Imperative mood, 3rd person singular, active voice.

Root: kṛ (class 8)