महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-9, verse-21

यत्त्वं गतः प्रहितो जातवेदो बृहस्पतिं परिदातुं मरुत्ते ।
तत्किं प्राह स नृपो यक्ष्यमाणः कच्चिद्वचः प्रतिगृह्णाति तच्च ॥२१॥

21. yattvaṁ gataḥ prahito jātavedo; bṛhaspatiṁ paridātuṁ marutte ,
tatkiṁ prāha sa nṛpo yakṣyamāṇaḥ; kaccidvacaḥ pratigṛhṇāti tacca.

21. yat tvam gataḥ prahitaḥ jātavedaḥ
bṛhaspatim paridātum marutte |
tat kim prāha sa nṛpaḥ yakṣyamāṇaḥ
kaccit vacaḥ pratigṛhṇāti ca tat

21. "Since you, O Jātavedas (Agni), were dispatched to hand over Bṛhaspati to Marutta, what did that king, who is desirous of performing a (Vedic ritual/yajña), say? And does he indeed accept our proposal?"

Words meanings summery:

• यत् (yat) - since (which, that, since)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• गतः (gataḥ) - gone, went

• प्रहितः (prahitaḥ) - sent, dispatched, presented

• जातवेदः (jātavedaḥ) - O Agni, the fire god (O Jātavedas (a name for Agni, lit. 'knower of all births'))

• बृहस्पतिम् (bṛhaspatim) - Bṛhaspati

• परिदातुम् (paridātum) - to give, to hand over

• मरुत्ते (marutte) - to King Marutta (to Marutta (name of a king))

• तत् (tat) - therefore (that, therefore)

• किम् (kim) - what? why?

• प्राह (prāha) - said, spoke

• स (sa) - he, that

• नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - King Marutta (king, ruler)

• यक्ष्यमाणः (yakṣyamāṇaḥ) - about to perform a Vedic ritual (yajña) (desirous of performing a Vedic ritual, about to perform a Vedic ritual)

• कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether, perhaps, I hope that (interrogative particle)

• वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech, saying

• प्रतिगृह्णाति (pratigṛhṇāti) - accepts, receives

• च (ca) - and

• तत् (tat) - that (the words) (that)

Words meanings and morphology

यत् (yat) - since (which, that, since)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, that, who, what; since, because

Relative pronoun, neuter singular nominative/accusative, often used to introduce a clause

Note: Conjunction.

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

गतः (gataḥ) - gone, went

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, reached, past

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of root gam (to go)

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Acts as part of the predicate with tvam.

प्रहितः (prahitaḥ) - sent, dispatched, presented

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prahita

prahita - sent, dispatched, directed

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of root dhā (to place) with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with tvam.

जातवेदः (jātavedaḥ) - O Agni, the fire god (O Jātavedas (a name for Agni, lit. 'knower of all births'))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of jātavedas

jātavedas - knower of all beings/births; a name of Agni

Compound of jāta (born, being) and vedas (knowledge, wealth, or derived from vid 'to know')

Compound type : bahuvrihi (jāta+vedas)

• jāta – born, produced, being
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of root jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)
• vedas – knowledge, wealth
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root vid (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Refers to Agni.

बृहस्पतिम् (bṛhaspatim) - Bṛhaspati

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bṛhaspati

bṛhaspati - Bṛhaspati (name of a divine preceptor)

परिदातुम् (paridātum) - to give, to hand over

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Infinitive form of root dā (to give), with prefix pari-

Prefix: pari

Root: dā (class 3)

मरुत्ते (marutte) - to King Marutta (to Marutta (name of a king))

(proper noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of marutta

marutta - Marutta (name of an ancient king)

Note: Here used in dative sense (for Marutta).

तत् (tat) - therefore (that, therefore)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, therefore, then

Neuter singular nominative/accusative of tad, often used adverbially

Note: Correlative to "yat".

किम् (kim) - what? why?

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what? which? why?

Interrogative pronoun, neuter singular nominative/accusative

Note: Used in an interrogative sense.

प्राह (prāha) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of ah

Perfect Active

Perfect form of root ah (to say), 3rd person singular, parasmaipada, with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: ah (class 2)

Note: Aorist-like perfect form.

स (sa) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he

Demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular nominative

नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - King Marutta (king, ruler)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler (lit. "protector of men")

Compound of nṛ (man) and pā (to protect)

Compound type : tatpurusha (nṛ+pā)

• nṛ – man, person
  noun (masculine)
• pā – protector, to protect
  verb (masculine)
  Derived from root pā (to protect)
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Refers to King Marutta.

यक्ष्यमाणः (yakṣyamāṇaḥ) - about to perform a Vedic ritual (yajña) (desirous of performing a Vedic ritual, about to perform a Vedic ritual)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yakṣyamāṇa

yakṣyamāṇa - about to perform a Vedic ritual, desirous of sacrificing

Future Passive Participle (or desiderative present participle) of ātmanepada

Future passive participle (or a present participle of a desiderative formation) of root yaj (to perform Vedic ritual)

Root: yaj (class 1)

Note: Agrees with nṛpaḥ.

कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether, perhaps, I hope that (interrogative particle)

(indeclinable)

Used to introduce a question implying a positive answer is expected

Note: Introduces a question.

वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech, saying

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, saying

Derived from root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of pratigṛhṇāti.

प्रतिगृह्णाति (pratigṛhṇāti) - accepts, receives

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of grah

Present Active

Root grah (to seize), present tense, 3rd person singular, parasmaipada, with prefix prati-

Prefix: prati

Root: grah (class 9)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

तत् (tat) - that (the words) (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that

Neuter singular nominative/accusative of tad, refers to vacaḥ