महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-9, verse-23

उवाचेदं मानुषा ये च दिव्याः प्रजापतेर्ये च लोका महान्तः ।
तांश्चेल्लभेयं संविदं तेन कृत्वा तथापि नेच्छेयमिति प्रतीतः ॥२३॥

23. uvācedaṁ mānuṣā ye ca divyāḥ; prajāpaterye ca lokā mahāntaḥ ,
tāṁścellabheyaṁ saṁvidaṁ tena kṛtvā; tathāpi neccheyamiti pratītaḥ.

23. uvāca idam mānuṣāḥ ye ca divyāḥ
prajāpateḥ ye ca lokāḥ mahāntaḥ tān
ca cet labheyam saṃvidam tena kṛtvā
tathā api na iccheyam iti pratītaḥ

23. pratītaḥ idam uvāca: "ye mānuṣāḥ,
ye ca divyāḥ,
prajāpateḥ ye ca mahāntaḥ lokāḥ (santi),
tān ca (lokānām) saṃvidam tena kṛtvā cet labheyam tathā api na iccheyam iti.
"

23. He declared this, convinced: "Even if I were to attain knowledge (saṃvid) regarding these great realms—those of humans, those of divine beings, and those of Prajāpati—even then, I would not desire it."

Words meanings summery:

• उवाच (uvāca) - declared (said, spoke, declared)

• इदम् (idam) - this (referring to the following statement) (this, here, now)

• मानुषाः (mānuṣāḥ) - those of humans, human realms (humans, human beings)

• ये (ye) - those who (are) (who, which, those who)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• दिव्याः (divyāḥ) - those of divine beings, divine realms (divine, celestial, heavenly beings)

• प्रजापतेः (prajāpateḥ) - of Prajāpati (of Prajāpati, the lord of creatures)

• ये (ye) - those who (are) (who, which, those who)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• लोकाः (lokāḥ) - realms (worlds, realms, places)

• महान्तः (mahāntaḥ) - great (great, large, important)

• तान् (tān) - those (realms/worlds) (those (masculine accusative plural))

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• चेत् (cet) - if (if, whether)

• लभेयम् (labheyam) - I were to attain (I might obtain, I would obtain)

• संविदम् (saṁvidam) - knowledge (saṃvid) (knowledge, understanding, consciousness)

• तेन (tena) - by that (means/knowledge) (by that, by him, through that)

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having obtained (the knowledge) (having done, having made)

• तथा (tathā) - even so, even then (thus, so, in that manner)

• अपि (api) - even (also, even, too)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• इच्छेयम् (iccheyam) - I would not desire (I would desire, I might wish)

• इति (iti) - thus (marking the end of the direct speech) (thus, so, in this way (marks end of quote))

• प्रतीतः (pratītaḥ) - convinced (convinced, understood, known, believed)

Words meanings and morphology

उवाच (uvāca) - declared (said, spoke, declared)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active

Perfect 3rd singular active, from root vac (irregular Perfect 'uvāca')

Root: vac (class 2)

इदम् (idam) - this (referring to the following statement) (this, here, now)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, here, now

Note: Can also be nominative neuter. Here functions as object of `uvāca`.

मानुषाः (mānuṣāḥ) - those of humans, human realms (humans, human beings)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mānuṣa

mānuṣa - human, human being, pertaining to humans

Note: Refers to the worlds/realms of humans, implicitly connecting to `lokāḥ`.

ये (ye) - those who (are) (who, which, those who)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ya

ya - who, which, what, that

Note: Refers to `lokāḥ` (worlds), implicitly here with `mānuṣāḥ` and `divyāḥ`.

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

दिव्याः (divyāḥ) - those of divine beings, divine realms (divine, celestial, heavenly beings)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of divya

divya - divine, heavenly, celestial, a divine being

Note: Refers to the worlds/realms of divine beings, implicitly connecting to `lokāḥ`.

प्रजापतेः (prajāpateḥ) - of Prajāpati (of Prajāpati, the lord of creatures)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of prajāpati

prajāpati - lord of creatures, progenitor, a name of Brahmā or other divine beings

Compound type : tatpurusha (prajā+pati)

• prajā – progeny, creatures, subjects
  noun (feminine)
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)

ये (ye) - those who (are) (who, which, those who)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ya

ya - who, which, what, that

Note: Refers to `lokāḥ`.

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

लोकाः (lokāḥ) - realms (worlds, realms, places)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of loka

loka - world, realm, people

महान्तः (mahāntaḥ) - great (great, large, important)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahant

mahant - great, large, mighty

Note: Agrees with `lokāḥ`.

तान् (tān) - those (realms/worlds) (those (masculine accusative plural))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to `lokāḥ`.

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

चेत् (cet) - if (if, whether)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with optative mood for conditional clauses.

लभेयम् (labheyam) - I were to attain (I might obtain, I would obtain)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of labh

Optative Active

Optative 1st singular active, from root labh (ātmanepada root in bhvādi class, but here parasmāipāda form)

Root: labh (class 1)

संविदम् (saṁvidam) - knowledge (saṃvid) (knowledge, understanding, consciousness)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of saṃvid

saṁvid - knowledge, intelligence, consciousness, understanding, agreement

Prefix: sam

Root: vid (class 2)

तेन (tena) - by that (means/knowledge) (by that, by him, through that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to the act of obtaining knowledge.

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having obtained (the knowledge) (having done, having made)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

Absolutive form from root kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Often used with an instrumental noun to mean 'by means of'. Here, 'having made/accomplished (the obtaining of knowledge)'.

तथा (tathā) - even so, even then (thus, so, in that manner)

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - even (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

Note: `tathā api` means "even then, nevertheless".

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

इच्छेयम् (iccheyam) - I would not desire (I would desire, I might wish)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of iṣ

Optative Active

Optative 1st singular active, from root iṣ (tuḍādi class 6)

Root: iṣ (class 6)

इति (iti) - thus (marking the end of the direct speech) (thus, so, in this way (marks end of quote))

(indeclinable)

प्रतीतः (pratītaḥ) - convinced (convinced, understood, known, believed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratīta

pratīta - convinced, understood, known, believed, renowned

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle from pra-i-ita (go towards, understand)

Prefix: prati

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Implies the speaker (he) was convinced.