महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-78, verse-38

भर्तारं निहतं दृष्ट्वा पुत्रं च पतितं भुवि ।
चित्राङ्गदा परित्रस्ता प्रविवेश रणाजिरम् ॥३८॥

38. bhartāraṁ nihataṁ dṛṣṭvā putraṁ ca patitaṁ bhuvi ,
citrāṅgadā paritrastā praviveśa raṇājiram.

38. bhartāram nihitam dṛṣṭvā putram ca patitam bhuvi
citrāṅgadā paritrastā praviveśa raṇa-ajiram

38. citrāṅgadā bhartāram nihitam ca bhuvi patitam
putram dṛṣṭvā paritrastā raṇa-ajiram praviveśa

38. Seeing her husband slain and her son fallen on the ground, Citrāṅgadā, utterly terrified, entered the battlefield.

Words meanings summery:

• भर्तारम् (bhartāram) - her husband (husband, supporter, maintainer)

• निहितम् (nihitam) - slain (slain, killed, placed down)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen (having seen, having perceived)

• पुत्रम् (putram) - her son (son)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• पतितम् (patitam) - fallen (fallen, descended)

• भुवि (bhuvi) - on the ground (on the earth, on the ground, in the world)

• चित्राङ्गदा (citrāṅgadā) - Citrāṅgadā (Citrāṅgadā (name of Arjuna's wife))

• परित्रस्ता (paritrastā) - utterly terrified (utterly terrified, greatly frightened)

• प्रविवेश (praviveśa) - entered

• रण-अजिरम् (raṇa-ajiram) - the battlefield (battlefield, courtyard of battle)

Words meanings and morphology

भर्तारम् (bhartāram) - her husband (husband, supporter, maintainer)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhartṛ

bhartṛ - husband, supporter, maintainer

Derived from root √bhṛ (to bear, support) + tṛc

Root: bhṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā'.

निहितम् (nihitam) - slain (slain, killed, placed down)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nihita

nihita - slain, killed, placed down, deposited

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √han (to strike, kill) or √dhā (to place) with upasarga ni-

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Modifies 'bhartāram'.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen (having seen, having perceived)

(indeclinable)

Gerund

Derived from root √dṛś (to see) + ktvā (gerund suffix)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Participial form used to describe a prior action.

पुत्रम् (putram) - her son (son)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects husband and son as objects of seeing.

पतितम् (patitam) - fallen (fallen, descended)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of patita

patita - fallen, descended

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √pat (to fall) + kta

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'putram'.

भुवि (bhuvi) - on the ground (on the earth, on the ground, in the world)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhū

bhū - earth, ground, world, place

Note: Location where the son fell.

चित्राङ्गदा (citrāṅgadā) - Citrāṅgadā (Citrāṅgadā (name of Arjuna's wife))

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of citrāṅgadā

citrāṅgadā - Citrāṅgadā (name of a princess, wife of Arjuna and mother of Babhrūvāhana)

Note: Subject of the verb 'praviveśa'.

परित्रस्ता (paritrastā) - utterly terrified (utterly terrified, greatly frightened)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of paritrasta

paritrasta - utterly terrified, greatly frightened

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √tras (to tremble, be terrified) with upasarga pari-

Prefix: pari

Root: tras (class 4)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'Citrāṅgadā'.

प्रविवेश (praviveśa) - entered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of viś

Perfect tense form of √viś with upasarga pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

रण-अजिरम् (raṇa-ajiram) - the battlefield (battlefield, courtyard of battle)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of raṇa-ajira

raṇa-ajira - battlefield, arena of war

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī tatpuruṣa (raṇa+ajira)

• raṇa – battle, war, combat
  noun (masculine)
• ajira – courtyard, arena, ground
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of 'praviveśa'.