महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-78, verse-19

ततः स राजा तं वीरं शरव्रातैः सहस्रशः ।
अर्दयामास निशितैराशीविषविषोपमैः ॥१९॥

19. tataḥ sa rājā taṁ vīraṁ śaravrātaiḥ sahasraśaḥ ,
ardayāmāsa niśitairāśīviṣaviṣopamaiḥ.

19. tataḥ sa rājā tam vīram śaravrātaiḥ sahasraśaḥ
ardayāmāsa niśitaiḥ āśīviṣaviṣopamaiḥ

19. Then that king tormented that hero with thousands of sharp arrows, which were comparable to the venom of venomous snakes.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, thereafter, from that

• स (sa) - that, he

• राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

• तम् (tam) - that, him

• वीरम् (vīram) - hero, brave man, warrior

• शरव्रातैः (śaravrātaiḥ) - with hosts of arrows, with multitudes of arrows

• सहस्रशः (sahasraśaḥ) - by thousands, in thousands

• अर्दयामास (ardayāmāsa) - afflicted, tormented, harassed

• निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - sharp, whetted, sharpened

• आशीविषविषोपमैः (āśīviṣaviṣopamaiḥ) - resembling the venom of poisonous snakes

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, thereafter, from that

(indeclinable)

स (sa) - that, he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

तम् (tam) - that, him

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

वीरम् (vīram) - hero, brave man, warrior

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - hero, brave, mighty, warrior

शरव्रातैः (śaravrātaiḥ) - with hosts of arrows, with multitudes of arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śaravrāta

śaravrāta - multitude of arrows

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śara+vrāta)

• śara – arrow, dart
  noun (masculine)
• vrāta – host, multitude, collection, flock
  noun (masculine)

सहस्रशः (sahasraśaḥ) - by thousands, in thousands

(indeclinable)

अर्दयामास (ardayāmāsa) - afflicted, tormented, harassed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of ard

Root: ard (class 1)

निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - sharp, whetted, sharpened

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of niśita

niśita - sharp, whetted, sharpened

Past Passive Participle

From verb root śā/śi (to sharpen) with prefix ni

Prefix: ni

Root: śā

आशीविषविषोपमैः (āśīviṣaviṣopamaiḥ) - resembling the venom of poisonous snakes

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of āśīviṣaviṣopama

āśīviṣaviṣopama - resembling the venom of a poisonous snake

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (āśīviṣa+viṣa+upama)

• āśīviṣa – a poisonous snake (whose fangs are its 'mouth'/blessing)
  noun (masculine)
• viṣa – poison, venom
  noun (neuter)
• upama – resembling, comparable, similar to
  adjective