महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-78, verse-31

संप्रीयमाणः पाण्डूनामृषभः पुत्रविक्रमात् ।
नात्यर्थं पीडयामास पुत्रं वज्रधरात्मजः ॥३१॥

31. saṁprīyamāṇaḥ pāṇḍūnāmṛṣabhaḥ putravikramāt ,
nātyarthaṁ pīḍayāmāsa putraṁ vajradharātmajaḥ.

31. saṃprīyamāṇaḥ pāṇḍūnām ṛṣabhaḥ putravikramāt na
atyartham pīḍayāmāsa putram vajradharātmajaḥ

31. vajradharātmajaḥ pāṇḍūnām ṛṣabhaḥ putravikramāt
saṃprīyamāṇaḥ putram atyartham na pīḍayāmāsa

31. Arjuna, the foremost of the Pāṇḍavas and son of Indra, was delighted by his son's valor, and therefore did not excessively torment his son.

Words meanings summery:

• संप्रीयमाणः (saṁprīyamāṇaḥ) - being pleased, delighted, becoming very happy

• पाण्डूनाम् (pāṇḍūnām) - of the Pāṇḍavas

• ऋषभः (ṛṣabhaḥ) - the foremost (among the Pāṇḍavas) (bull, best, chief, excellent among)

• पुत्रविक्रमात् (putravikramāt) - from the valor of the son, due to the prowess of the son

• न (na) - not, no

• अत्यर्थम् (atyartham) - excessively, greatly, very much

• पीडयामास (pīḍayāmāsa) - he afflicted, he troubled, he oppressed

• पुत्रम् (putram) - Babhruvahana (son, child)

• वज्रधरात्मजः (vajradharātmajaḥ) - Arjuna (son of Indra) (son of the thunderbolt-bearer (Indra))

Words meanings and morphology

संप्रीयमाणः (saṁprīyamāṇaḥ) - being pleased, delighted, becoming very happy

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃprīyamāṇa

saṁprīyamāṇa - being pleased, delighted

Present Middle Passive Participle

Formed from saṃ-prī (root prī 9th class) with śānac suffix.

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: prī (class 9)

पाण्डूनाम् (pāṇḍūnām) - of the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pāṇḍu

pāṇḍu - Pāṇḍu (name of a king, father of the Pāṇḍavas); pale, yellowish-white

ऋषभः (ṛṣabhaḥ) - the foremost (among the Pāṇḍavas) (bull, best, chief, excellent among)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ṛṣabha

ṛṣabha - bull; best, chief, eminent

पुत्रविक्रमात् (putravikramāt) - from the valor of the son, due to the prowess of the son

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of putravikrama

putravikrama - son's valor/prowess

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (putra+vikrama)

• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)
• vikrama – valor, prowess, courage, might, step
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from vi-kram (to step, to stride, to show valor).
  Prefix: vi
  Root: kram (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अत्यर्थम् (atyartham) - excessively, greatly, very much

(indeclinable)

Formed from ati (over, beyond) + artha (purpose, meaning, wealth).

Compound type : avyayībhāva (ati+artha)

• ati – beyond, over, exceedingly
  indeclinable
• artha – meaning, purpose, object, wealth
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used adverbially.

पीडयामास (pīḍayāmāsa) - he afflicted, he troubled, he oppressed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of pīḍ

Causative

pīḍ (1st class) + ṇic (causative) + ām + kṛ (perfect). Periphrastic Perfect.

Root: pīḍ (class 1)

पुत्रम् (putram) - Babhruvahana (son, child)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Refers to Babhruvahana.

वज्रधरात्मजः (vajradharātmajaḥ) - Arjuna (son of Indra) (son of the thunderbolt-bearer (Indra))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vajradharātmaja

vajradharātmaja - son of Vajradhara (Indra)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vajradhara+ātmaja)

• vajradhara – thunderbolt-bearer (epithet of Indra)
  proper noun (masculine)
  vajra (thunderbolt) + dhara (bearer).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• ātmaja – son, born from oneself
  noun (masculine)
  ātman (self) + ja (born).
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Refers to Arjuna.