महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-78, verse-32

स हन्यमानो विमुखं पितरं बभ्रुवाहनः ।
शरैराशीविषाकारैः पुनरेवार्दयद्बली ॥३२॥

32. sa hanyamāno vimukhaṁ pitaraṁ babhruvāhanaḥ ,
śarairāśīviṣākāraiḥ punarevārdayadbalī.

32. saḥ hanyamānaḥ vimukham pitaram babhrūvāhanaḥ
śaraiḥ āśīviṣākāraiḥ punaḥ eva ārdayat balī

32. balī babhrūvāhanaḥ saḥ hanyamānaḥ vimukham
pitaram āśīviṣākāraiḥ śaraiḥ punaḥ eva ārdayat

32. Though being struck, the mighty Babhruvahana, with arrows resembling venomous snakes, again tormented his father who had turned away.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he (Babhruvahana) (he, that)

• हन्यमानः (hanyamānaḥ) - being struck, being killed, being wounded

• विमुखम् (vimukham) - his father, who had turned away (from battle or defeat) (turned away, averted, facing away)

• पितरम् (pitaram) - his father (Arjuna) (father)

• बभ्रूवाहनः (babhrūvāhanaḥ) - Babhruvahana (proper name)

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

• आशीविषाकारैः (āśīviṣākāraiḥ) - resembling venomous snakes, having the form of venomous snakes

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, anew, furthermore

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only, just

• आर्दयत् (ārdayat) - he afflicted, tormented, pained

• बली (balī) - the mighty (Babhruvahana) (mighty, powerful, strong)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he (Babhruvahana) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Babhruvahana.

हन्यमानः (hanyamānaḥ) - being struck, being killed, being wounded

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hanyamāna

hanyamāna - being struck, being killed

Present Passive Participle

Formed from root han (to strike, kill) in the passive voice with śānac suffix.

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Refers to Babhruvahana.

विमुखम् (vimukham) - his father, who had turned away (from battle or defeat) (turned away, averted, facing away)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vimukha

vimukha - turned away, having the face averted, averse, defeated

vi (away) + mukha (face).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+mukha)

• vi – apart, away, asunder, denoting separation or reversal
  indeclinable
• mukha – face, mouth, front
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with pitaram.

पितरम् (pitaram) - his father (Arjuna) (father)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

ṛ-ending noun.

Note: Refers to Arjuna.

बभ्रूवाहनः (babhrūvāhanaḥ) - Babhruvahana (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of babhrūvāhana

babhrūvāhana - Babhruvahana (name of Arjuna's son)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed

Root: śṛ (class 1)

Note: Means by which torment is inflicted.

आशीविषाकारैः (āśīviṣākāraiḥ) - resembling venomous snakes, having the form of venomous snakes

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of āśīviṣākāra

āśīviṣākāra - having the appearance of a venomous snake, resembling a venomous snake

āśīviṣa (venomous snake) + ākāra (form, appearance).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (āśīviṣa+ākāra)

• āśīviṣa – venomous snake, a serpent whose venom is in its fangs
  noun (masculine)
  āśī (fang, curse) + viṣa (poison).
• ākāra – form, shape, appearance, resemblance
  noun (masculine)
  ā (towards) + kāra (making, from kṛ).
  Prefix: ā
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with śaraiḥ.

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, anew, furthermore

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only, just

(indeclinable)

आर्दयत् (ārdayat) - he afflicted, tormented, pained

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of ard

Causative

From root ard (to hurt). Imperfect tense, causative.

Root: ard (class 1)

बली (balī) - the mighty (Babhruvahana) (mighty, powerful, strong)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of balin

balin - powerful, strong, mighty, having strength

Possessive suffix -in added to bala (strength).

Note: Agrees with babhrūvāhanaḥ.