महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-80, verse-4

देवानामुपरिष्टाच्च गावः प्रतिवसन्ति वै ।
दत्त्वा चैता नरपते यान्ति स्वर्गं मनीषिणः ॥४॥

4. devānāmupariṣṭācca gāvaḥ prativasanti vai ,
dattvā caitā narapate yānti svargaṁ manīṣiṇaḥ.

4. devānām upariṣṭāt ca gāvaḥ prativasanti vai |
dattvā ca etāḥ narapate yānti svargam manīṣiṇaḥ

4. vai ca gāvaḥ devānām upariṣṭāt prativasanti
narapate manīṣiṇaḥ etāḥ dattvā ca svargam yānti

4. And indeed, cows reside even above the gods. O king, discerning individuals (manīṣiṇaḥ), by giving these (cows as dāna), attain heaven.

Words meanings summery:

• देवानाम् (devānām) - of the gods

• उपरिष्टात् (upariṣṭāt) - above, on top, over

• च (ca) - and

• गावः (gāvaḥ) - cows

• प्रतिवसन्ति (prativasanti) - they dwell, they reside

• वै (vai) - Emphasizes the statement. (indeed, truly, surely)

• दत्त्वा (dattvā) - having given cows (as a gift or charity, a form of (dāna)) (having given)

• च (ca) - and

• एताः (etāḥ) - These (cows) (these)

• नरपते (narapate) - A vocative address, likely to Yudhishthira. (O king, O lord of men)

• यान्ति (yānti) - they go, they move, they attain

• स्वर्गम् (svargam) - heaven, celestial world

• मनीषिणः (manīṣiṇaḥ) - wise persons, sagacious, discerning

Words meanings and morphology

देवानाम् (devānām) - of the gods

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity, divine being

Root: div (class 4)

उपरिष्टात् (upariṣṭāt) - above, on top, over

(indeclinable)

Note: Denotes position relative to 'devānām'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

गावः (gāvaḥ) - cows

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of go

go - cow, ox, earth, ray of light

प्रतिवसन्ति (prativasanti) - they dwell, they reside

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of vas

Present tense, 3rd person plural, active voice (parasmaipada)

Prefix: prati

Root: vas (class 1)

वै (vai) - Emphasizes the statement. (indeed, truly, surely)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adds emphasis to the preceding statement.

दत्त्वा (dattvā) - having given cows (as a gift or charity, a form of (dāna)) (having given)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Absolutive form from root 'dā'

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Denotes an action completed before the main verb.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एताः (etāḥ) - These (cows) (these)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of etad

etad - this, these (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Refers to cows, object of 'dattvā'.

नरपते (narapate) - A vocative address, likely to Yudhishthira. (O king, O lord of men)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of narapati

narapati - king, lord of men

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (nara+pati)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)

यान्ति (yānti) - they go, they move, they attain

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of yā

Present tense, 3rd person plural, active voice (parasmaipada)

Root: yā (class 2)

स्वर्गम् (svargam) - heaven, celestial world

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of svarga

svarga - heaven, paradise, celestial abode

Note: Object of 'yānti'.

मनीषिणः (manīṣiṇaḥ) - wise persons, sagacious, discerning

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of manīṣin

manīṣin - wise, thoughtful, intelligent, discerning (adjective); a wise person, sage (noun)

Formed from manīṣā (intellect, wisdom) + -in (possessing).

Note: Subject of 'yānti'.