महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-54, verse-32

तस्याशिषः प्रयुज्याथ स मुनिस्तं नराधिपम् ।
निषीदेत्यब्रवीद्धीमान्सान्त्वयन्पुरुषर्षभ ॥३२॥

32. tasyāśiṣaḥ prayujyātha sa munistaṁ narādhipam ,
niṣīdetyabravīddhīmānsāntvayanpuruṣarṣabha.

32. tasya āśiṣaḥ prayujya atha saḥ muniḥ tam narādhipam
niṣīda iti abravīt dhīmān sāntvayan puruṣarṣabha

32. Then that wise (muni), having bestowed blessings upon that king, addressed him, saying, 'O best among men, sit down,' thus comforting him.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - to the king (Mandhata) (to him, his)

• आशिषः (āśiṣaḥ) - blessings, wishes

• प्रयुज्य (prayujya) - having bestowed, having employed, having offered

• अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now

• सः (saḥ) - (the sage) Chyavana (he, that)

• मुनिः (muniḥ) - Chyavana (sage, ascetic, silent one)

• तम् (tam) - to king Mandhata (him, that)

• नराधिपम् (narādhipam) - to king Mandhata (to the lord of men, to the king)

• निषीद (niṣīda) - sit down

• इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, so

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he said, spoke

• धीमान् (dhīmān) - (the sage) Chyavana (intelligent, wise, thoughtful)

• सान्त्वयन् (sāntvayan) - comforting, consoling, pacifying

• पुरुषर्षभ (puruṣarṣabha) - Addressed to king Mandhata (O best among men)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - to the king (Mandhata) (to him, his)

(pronoun)

Dative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

demonstrative pronoun

Note: Refers to the king.

आशिषः (āśiṣaḥ) - blessings, wishes

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of āśis

āśis - blessing, prayer, wish

from root aś (to obtain)

Prefix: ā

Root: aś (class 5)

Note: Object of 'prayujya'.

प्रयुज्य (prayujya) - having bestowed, having employed, having offered

(indeclinable)

Gerund (Absolutive)

pra (prefix) + yuj (root) + ya (suffix)

Prefix: pra

Root: yuj (class 7)

अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now

(indeclinable)

particle

सः (saḥ) - (the sage) Chyavana (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

demonstrative pronoun

Note: Refers to Chyavana.

मुनिः (muniḥ) - Chyavana (sage, ascetic, silent one)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, silent one

Root: man (class 4)

तम् (tam) - to king Mandhata (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

demonstrative pronoun

Note: Refers to the king.

नराधिपम् (narādhipam) - to king Mandhata (to the lord of men, to the king)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of narādhipa

narādhipa - lord of men, king

nara (man) + adhipa (lord), Tatpuruṣa compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+adhipa)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• adhipa – lord, ruler, master
  noun (masculine)
  adhi (over) + pa (protector)
  Prefix: adhi
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Object of 'abravīt'.

निषीद (niṣīda) - sit down

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of niṣīd

Imperative Active

ni (prefix) + sad (root) + a (imperative 2nd singular ending), irregular formation

Prefix: ni

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Addressed to the king.

इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

particle

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect Active

a (augment) + brū (root) + ī (stem vowel) + t (imperfect 3rd singular ending), irregular formation

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Subject is 'saḥ muniḥ'.

धीमान् (dhīmān) - (the sage) Chyavana (intelligent, wise, thoughtful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhīmat

dhīmat - intelligent, wise, sagacious

dhī (intellect) + matup (suffix for 'possessing')

Note: Attribute of the sage.

सान्त्वयन् (sāntvayan) - comforting, consoling, pacifying

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sāntvayat

sāntvayat - comforting, consoling

Present Active Participle

from root sāntv (to console, appease) + śatṛ (suffix)

Root: sāntv (class 10)

Note: Attribute of the sage, indicating his action while speaking.

पुरुषर्षभ (puruṣarṣabha) - Addressed to king Mandhata (O best among men)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of puruṣarṣabha

puruṣarṣabha - best among men, excellent man

puruṣa (man) + ṛṣabha (bull, best), Tatpuruṣa compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+ṛṣabha)

• puruṣa – man, human being, person, (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, chief, best
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ṛṣ

Note: An address to the king.