महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-54, verse-17

किं त्विदं महदाश्चर्यं संपश्यामीत्यचिन्तयत् ।
एवं संचिन्तयन्नेव ददर्श मुनिपुंगवम् ॥१७॥

17. kiṁ tvidaṁ mahadāścaryaṁ saṁpaśyāmītyacintayat ,
evaṁ saṁcintayanneva dadarśa munipuṁgavam.

17. kim tu idam mahat āścaryam saṃpaśyāmi iti acintayat
| evam saṃcintayan eva dadarśa munipuṃgavam

17. "What great wonder is this that I am beholding?" he wondered. As he was thus contemplating, he indeed saw the foremost among sages.

Words meanings summery:

• किम् (kim) - what (interrogative pronoun) (what, how, why)

• तु (tu) - indeed (emphasizing the question) (but, indeed, on the other hand)

• इदम् (idam) - this (wonder) (this, this one)

• महत् (mahat) - great (wonder) (great, large, important)

• आश्चर्यम् (āścaryam) - wonder, marvelous sight (wonder, surprise, marvel)

• संपश्यामि (saṁpaśyāmi) - I am beholding (this wonder) (I see, I behold)

• इति (iti) - indicating the end of a thought or speech (thus, so, in this manner)

• अचिन्तयत् (acintayat) - he (the king) thought (he thought, he considered)

• एवम् (evam) - while thinking in this manner (thus, so, in this manner)

• संचिन्तयन् (saṁcintayan) - while he was contemplating (thinking, contemplating)

• एव (eva) - just as, indeed (just, only, indeed, certainly)

• ददर्श (dadarśa) - he (the king) saw (he saw, he beheld)

• मुनिपुंगवम् (munipuṁgavam) - the foremost sage (Chyavana, by context) (chief of sages, excellent sage)

Words meanings and morphology

किम् (kim) - what (interrogative pronoun) (what, how, why)

(interrogative pronoun)

तु (tu) - indeed (emphasizing the question) (but, indeed, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle expressing adversative or emphatic sense.

इदम् (idam) - this (wonder) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, here

Note: Refers to the wonder that is being seen.

महत् (mahat) - great (wonder) (great, large, important)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, considerable, important, noble

From root √mah 'to be great'.

Note: Adjective modifying āścaryam.

आश्चर्यम् (āścaryam) - wonder, marvelous sight (wonder, surprise, marvel)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of āścarya

āścarya - wonder, surprise, marvel, astonishment, anything wonderful

From ā + ścaryā (from √car 'to move' with prefix).

Prefix: ā

Root: √car (class 1)

Note: Subject of the implied sentence 'What is this great wonder?'.

संपश्यामि (saṁpaśyāmi) - I am beholding (this wonder) (I see, I behold)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of √dṛś

present active indicative

Root dṛś (class 1, paśya stem) with prefix sam.

Prefix: sam

Root: √dṛś (class 1)

इति (iti) - indicating the end of a thought or speech (thus, so, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

अचिन्तयत् (acintayat) - he (the king) thought (he thought, he considered)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of √cint

imperfect active indicative

From cint (denominal from citta, or root class 10). a augment for past tense.

Root: √cit (class 10)

Note: Subject is the king (narendra, implied from context of the epic).

एवम् (evam) - while thinking in this manner (thus, so, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

संचिन्तयन् (saṁcintayan) - while he was contemplating (thinking, contemplating)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of √cint

√cint - to think, reflect, consider, imagine

present active participle

From cint (class 10) with prefix sam. śatṛ affix.

Prefix: sam

Root: √cit (class 10)

Note: Describes the action of the implied king.

एव (eva) - just as, indeed (just, only, indeed, certainly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

ददर्श (dadarśa) - he (the king) saw (he saw, he beheld)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of √dṛś

perfect active indicative

Reduplicated perfect form of √dṛś.

Root: √dṛś (class 1)

मुनिपुंगवम् (munipuṁgavam) - the foremost sage (Chyavana, by context) (chief of sages, excellent sage)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of munipuṃgava

munipuṁgava - chief of sages, best of ascetics, bull among sages

Tatpurusha compound.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (muni+puṃgava)

• muni – sage, ascetic, seer, saint
  noun (masculine)
• puṃgava – bull, chief, excellent one, foremost
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to the sage Chyavana.