महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-91, verse-3

उतथ्य उवाच ।
धर्माय राजा भवति न कामकरणाय तु ।
मान्धातरेवं जानीहि राजा लोकस्य रक्षिता ॥३॥

3. utathya uvāca ,
dharmāya rājā bhavati na kāmakaraṇāya tu ,
māndhātarevaṁ jānīhi rājā lokasya rakṣitā.

3. utathyaḥ uvāca dharmāya rājā bhavati na kāmakaraṇāya
tu māndhātar evam jānīhi rājā lokasya rakṣitā

3. utathyaḥ uvāca māndhātar rājā dharmāya bhavati tu
na kāmakaraṇāya evam jānīhi rājā lokasya rakṣitā

3. Utathya said: "A king exists for the sake of (dharma), not merely for the fulfillment of his desires. O Mandhatr, know this: a king is the protector of the people."

Words meanings summery:

• उतथ्यः (utathyaḥ) - Utathya (name of a sage)

• उवाच (uvāca) - Utathya said (he said, he spoke)

• धर्माय (dharmāya) - for the sake of (dharma) (natural law, righteousness) (for dharma, for righteousness, for natural law)

• राजा (rājā) - a king (king)

• भवति (bhavati) - exists (for the purpose of) (he/she/it is, becomes, exists)

• न (na) - not

• कामकरणाय (kāmakaraṇāya) - for the gratification of personal desire (for the doing of desire, for self-gratification)

• तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, on the other hand)

• मान्धातर् (māndhātar) - O Mandhatr (proper name)

• एवम् (evam) - this (referring to the previous statement) (thus, so, in this manner)

• जानीहि (jānīhi) - know (this truth) (know (imperative))

• राजा (rājā) - a king (king)

• लोकस्य (lokasya) - of the people (of the world, of the people)

• रक्षिता (rakṣitā) - the protector (protector)

Words meanings and morphology

उतथ्यः (utathyaḥ) - Utathya (name of a sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of utathya

utathya - Utathya (a Vedic Rishi, son of Angiras)

उवाच (uvāca) - Utathya said (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

perfect active

3rd person singular, perfect tense (liṭ), active voice

Root: vac (class 2)

धर्माय (dharmāya) - for the sake of (dharma) (natural law, righteousness) (for dharma, for righteousness, for natural law)

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - righteousness, duty, law, intrinsic nature, constitution, virtue

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Indicates purpose.

राजा (rājā) - a king (king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign

भवति (bhavati) - exists (for the purpose of) (he/she/it is, becomes, exists)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhū

present active

3rd person singular, present tense (laṭ), active voice

Root: bhū (class 1)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

कामकरणाय (kāmakaraṇāya) - for the gratification of personal desire (for the doing of desire, for self-gratification)

(noun)

Dative, neuter, singular of kāmakaraṇa

kāmakaraṇa - doing what one desires, gratification of desire

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kāma+karaṇa)

• kāma – desire, wish, love, sensual pleasure
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kam (class 1)
• karaṇa – making, doing, cause, instrument
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root 'kṛ' (to do, make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Indicates purpose.

तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

मान्धातर् (māndhātar) - O Mandhatr (proper name)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of māndhātṛ

māndhātṛ - Mandhatr (a legendary righteous king)

एवम् (evam) - this (referring to the previous statement) (thus, so, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

जानीहि (jānīhi) - know (this truth) (know (imperative))

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present imperative (loṭ) of jñā

present imperative

2nd person singular, present imperative (loṭ), active voice, 9th class verb

Root: jñā (class 9)

राजा (rājā) - a king (king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign

लोकस्य (lokasya) - of the people (of the world, of the people)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, people, universe, realm

रक्षिता (rakṣitā) - the protector (protector)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rakṣitṛ

rakṣitṛ - protector, guardian, preserver

Agent noun derived from root 'rakṣ' (to protect)

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Predicate nominative.