महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-91, verse-29

एतेभ्यो नित्ययत्तः स्यान्नक्तंचर्यां च वर्जयेत् ।
अत्यायं चातिमानं च दम्भं क्रोधं च वर्जयेत् ॥२९॥

29. etebhyo nityayattaḥ syānnaktaṁcaryāṁ ca varjayet ,
atyāyaṁ cātimānaṁ ca dambhaṁ krodhaṁ ca varjayet.

29. etebhyas nityayattaḥ syāt naktañcaryām ca varjayet
atyāyam ca atimānam ca dambham krodham ca varjayet

29. etebhyas nityayattaḥ syāt ca naktañcaryām varjayet
ca atyāyam atimānam dambham krodham ca varjayet

29. One should always be vigilant regarding these (dangers), and avoid activities at night. One should also shun excessive indulgence, excessive pride, hypocrisy, and anger (krodha).

Words meanings summery:

• एतेभ्यस् (etebhyas) - from these (dangers) (from these, to these)

• नित्ययत्तः (nityayattaḥ) - always diligent (always diligent, constantly attentive, ever ready)

• स्यात् (syāt) - one should be (one should be, may be, would be)

• नक्तञ्चर्याम् (naktañcaryām) - activities at night (night activities, wandering at night, nocturnal behavior)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• वर्जयेत् (varjayet) - one should avoid (one should avoid, one should shun, one should abandon)

• अत्यायम् (atyāyam) - excessive indulgence (excessive indulgence, transgression, danger, calamity)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• अतिमानम् (atimānam) - excessive pride (excessive pride, arrogance, self-overestimation)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• दम्भम् (dambham) - hypocrisy (hypocrisy, deceit, arrogance, ostentation)

• क्रोधम् (krodham) - anger (krodha) (anger, wrath)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• वर्जयेत् (varjayet) - one should avoid (one should avoid, one should shun, one should abandon)

Words meanings and morphology

एतेभ्यस् (etebhyas) - from these (dangers) (from these, to these)

(pronoun)

Ablative, masculine, plural of etat

etat - this, that

Demonstrative pronoun, base for masculine plural 'ete'.

Note: Refers to the dangers mentioned in the previous verse. Also dative plural. Ablative ('from these') fits better here for 'diligent regarding'.

नित्ययत्तः (nityayattaḥ) - always diligent (always diligent, constantly attentive, ever ready)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nityayatta

nityayatta - always diligent, constantly attentive, ever ready, ever active

Compound of 'nitya' (constant) and 'yatta' (striven, exerted, attentive).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nitya+yatta)

• nitya – constant, eternal, permanent, always
  adjective
• yatta – exerted, striving, attentive, diligent, ready
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'yat' (to strive, exert).
  Root: yat (class 1)

Note: Subject is implicit (e.g., a king).

स्यात् (syāt) - one should be (one should be, may be, would be)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of as

Optative Mood

3rd person singular, optative mood, active voice. Root 'as' (to be).

Root: as (class 2)

नक्तञ्चर्याम् (naktañcaryām) - activities at night (night activities, wandering at night, nocturnal behavior)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of naktañcaryā

naktañcaryā - night activities, wandering at night, nocturnal behavior, nightly conduct

Compound of 'nakta' (night) and 'caryā' (activity, conduct).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nakta+caryā)

• nakta – night, at night, nocturnal
  noun (neuter)
• caryā – activity, conduct, wandering, practice
  noun (feminine)
  From root 'car' (to move, wander, perform) + suffix 'yā'.
  Root: car (class 1)

Note: Object of 'varjayet'.

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Conjunctive particle.

वर्जयेत् (varjayet) - one should avoid (one should avoid, one should shun, one should abandon)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of varj

Optative Mood

3rd person singular, optative mood, active voice. Root 'vṛj' (to avert, avoid) or causative of 'vṛj'.

Root: vṛj (class 1)

अत्यायम् (atyāyam) - excessive indulgence (excessive indulgence, transgression, danger, calamity)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of atyāya

atyāya - transgression, offense, excess, danger, calamity, misfortune

From 'ati' (over, excessive) + root 'i' (to go) + suffix 'a'.

Prefix: ati

Root: i (class 2)

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Conjunctive particle.

अतिमानम् (atimānam) - excessive pride (excessive pride, arrogance, self-overestimation)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of atimāna

atimāna - excessive pride, arrogance, contempt, self-overestimation

From 'ati' (over, excessive) + 'māna' (pride, honor).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (ati+māna)

• ati – over, beyond, excessive, surpassing
  indeclinable
  Prefix/Preposition.
• māna – pride, honor, respect, measure, opinion
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'man' (to think, believe).
  Root: man (class 4)

Note: Object of 'varjayet'.

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Conjunctive particle.

दम्भम् (dambham) - hypocrisy (hypocrisy, deceit, arrogance, ostentation)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dambha

dambha - hypocrisy, deceit, pride, arrogance, ostentation

From root 'dambh' (to hurt, deceive, delude).

Root: dambh (class 1)

क्रोधम् (krodham) - anger (krodha) (anger, wrath)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of krodha

krodha - anger, wrath, rage, fury

From root 'krudh' (to be angry).

Root: krudh (class 4)

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Conjunctive particle.

वर्जयेत् (varjayet) - one should avoid (one should avoid, one should shun, one should abandon)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of varj

Optative Mood

3rd person singular, optative mood, active voice. Root 'vṛj' (to avert, avoid) or causative of 'vṛj'.

Root: vṛj (class 1)