महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-91, verse-1

भीष्म उवाच ।
यानङ्गिराः क्षत्रधर्मानुतथ्यो ब्रह्मवित्तमः ।
मान्धात्रे यौवनाश्वाय प्रीतिमानभ्यभाषत ॥१॥

1. bhīṣma uvāca ,
yānaṅgirāḥ kṣatradharmānutathyo brahmavittamaḥ ,
māndhātre yauvanāśvāya prītimānabhyabhāṣata.

1. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca yān aṅgirāḥ kṣatradharmān utathyaḥ
brahmavittamaḥ māndhātre yauvanāśvāya prītimān abhyabhāṣata

1. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca aṅgirāḥ brahmavittamaḥ utathyaḥ yauvanāśvāya
māndhātre prītimān yān kṣatradharmān abhyabhāṣata

1. Bhishma said: "I shall relate to you those duties of a warrior (kṣatradharma) which Utathya, the most excellent knower of Brahman, son of Angiras, affectionately expounded to Mandhatr, the son of Yuvanashva."

Words meanings summery:

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma (proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - Bhishma said (he said, he spoke)

• यान् (yān) - those (duties) which (which, those which)

• अङ्गिराः (aṅgirāḥ) - Angiras (name of a Vedic sage)

• क्षत्रधर्मान् (kṣatradharmān) - the specific duties (dharma) of a king/warrior (duties of a kṣatriya, warrior's duties)

• उतथ्यः (utathyaḥ) - Utathya (name of a sage)

• ब्रह्मवित्तमः (brahmavittamaḥ) - the most excellent knower of the ultimate reality (Brahman) (best knower of Brahman)

• मान्धात्रे (māndhātre) - to Mandhatr (proper name)

• यौवनाश्वाय (yauvanāśvāya) - to Mandhatr, who was the son of Yuvanashva (to the son of Yuvanashva)

• प्रीतिमान् (prītimān) - with affection (affectionate, loving, pleased)

• अभ्यभाषत (abhyabhāṣata) - he (Utathya) spoke to (Mandhatr) (he spoke to, he addressed)

Words meanings and morphology

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (name of a character in the Mahabharata)

उवाच (uvāca) - Bhishma said (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

perfect active

3rd person singular, perfect tense (liṭ), active voice

Root: vac (class 2)

यान् (yān) - those (duties) which (which, those which)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - which, what, who

Note: Refers to kṣatradharmān.

अङ्गिराः (aṅgirāḥ) - Angiras (name of a Vedic sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aṅgiras

aṅgiras - Angiras (name of a prominent Vedic sage, often plural for a class of semi-divine beings)

Note: Here used as part of Utathya's lineage/description.

क्षत्रधर्मान् (kṣatradharmān) - the specific duties (dharma) of a king/warrior (duties of a kṣatriya, warrior's duties)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kṣatradharma

kṣatradharma - duties of the kṣatriya caste, warrior's (dharma)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṣatra+dharma)

• kṣatra – rule, power, dominion, the warrior class
  noun (neuter)
• dharma – righteousness, duty, law, intrinsic nature, constitution
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

उतथ्यः (utathyaḥ) - Utathya (name of a sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of utathya

utathya - Utathya (a Vedic Rishi, son of Angiras)

Note: The speaker of the upcoming instruction.

ब्रह्मवित्तमः (brahmavittamaḥ) - the most excellent knower of the ultimate reality (Brahman) (best knower of Brahman)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brahmavittama

brahmavittama - best among the knowers of Brahman

Superlative adjective formed from 'brahmavit' (knower of Brahman)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (brahman+vit+tama)

• brahman – the ultimate reality, the absolute, sacred word, Veda
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bṛh (class 1)
• vit – knower, understanding
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'vid' (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)
• tama – most, best (superlative suffix)
  suffix
  Superlative suffix added to adjectives

Note: Qualifies Utathya.

मान्धात्रे (māndhātre) - to Mandhatr (proper name)

(proper noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of māndhātṛ

māndhātṛ - Mandhatr (a legendary righteous king)

Note: Recipient of the instruction.

यौवनाश्वाय (yauvanāśvāya) - to Mandhatr, who was the son of Yuvanashva (to the son of Yuvanashva)

(proper noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of yauvanāśva

yauvanāśva - descendant of Yuvanashva, son of Yuvanashva

Patronymic from Yuvanashva

Note: Qualifies Mandhatr.

प्रीतिमान् (prītimān) - with affection (affectionate, loving, pleased)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prītimat

prītimat - possessing affection, pleased, joyful

Possessive adjective formed with suffix '-mat'

Note: Qualifies Utathya.

अभ्यभाषत (abhyabhāṣata) - he (Utathya) spoke to (Mandhatr) (he spoke to, he addressed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhāṣ

imperfect middle

3rd person singular, imperfect tense (laṅ), middle voice (ātmanepada), with prefix 'abhi'

Prefix: abhi

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

Note: 'abhi' prefix intensifies or directs the action towards someone.