महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-91, verse-20

तेषां ह्यकामकरणाद्राज्ञः संजायते भयम् ।
मित्राणि च न वर्धन्ते तथामित्रीभवन्त्यपि ॥२०॥

20. teṣāṁ hyakāmakaraṇādrājñaḥ saṁjāyate bhayam ,
mitrāṇi ca na vardhante tathāmitrībhavantyapi.

20. teṣām hi akāmakaraṇāt rājñaḥ saṃjāyate bhayam
mitrāṇi ca na vardhante tathā amitrībhavanti api

20. hi teṣām akāmakaraṇāt rājñaḥ bhayam saṃjāyate ca
mitrāṇi na vardhante tathā api amitrībhavanti

20. Indeed, when they fail to perform their duties, fear arises for the king. Moreover, friends do not prosper, and they even turn into enemies.

Words meanings summery:

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of the subjects (of them, their)

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

• अकामकरणात् (akāmakaraṇāt) - from non-performance of duties, from not doing what is wished

• राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king

• संजायते (saṁjāyate) - arises, is born, comes into being

• भयम् (bhayam) - fear

• मित्राणि (mitrāṇi) - friends

• च (ca) - and, also

• न (na) - not, no

• वर्धन्ते (vardhante) - grow, prosper, increase

• तथा (tathā) - similarly, thus, so

• अमित्रीभवन्ति (amitrībhavanti) - become enemies, turn hostile

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

Words meanings and morphology

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of the subjects (of them, their)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

(indeclinable)

अकामकरणात् (akāmakaraṇāt) - from non-performance of duties, from not doing what is wished

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of akāmakaraṇa

akāmakaraṇa - non-performance of duty, not doing what is desired

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+kāma+karaṇa)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• kāma – desire, wish, pleasure
  noun (masculine)
• karaṇa – doing, making, act, instrument
  noun (neuter)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king

संजायते (saṁjāyate) - arises, is born, comes into being

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of saṃjā

present passive

Prefix: sam

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: ātmanepada form

भयम् (bhayam) - fear

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhaya

bhaya - fear, dread

मित्राणि (mitrāṇi) - friends

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of mitra

mitra - friend, ally

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

वर्धन्ते (vardhante) - grow, prosper, increase

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of vardh

present active

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: ātmanepada form

तथा (tathā) - similarly, thus, so

(indeclinable)

अमित्रीभवन्ति (amitrībhavanti) - become enemies, turn hostile

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of amitrībhū

present active

denominal verb derived from amitra + bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)