महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-91, verse-10

वध्यानामिव सर्वेषां मनो भवति विह्वलम् ।
मनुष्याणां महाराज यदा पापो न वार्यते ॥१०॥

10. vadhyānāmiva sarveṣāṁ mano bhavati vihvalam ,
manuṣyāṇāṁ mahārāja yadā pāpo na vāryate.

10. vadhyānām iva sarveṣām manaḥ bhavati vihvalam
manuṣyāṇām mahārāja yadā pāpaḥ na vāryate

10. mahārāja yadā pāpaḥ na vāryate sarveṣām
manuṣyāṇām manaḥ vadhyānām iva vihvalam bhavati

10. O great king, when evil is not restrained, the minds of all humans become agitated and overwhelmed, just like those who are condemned to death.

Words meanings summery:

• वध्यानाम् (vadhyānām) - of those facing certain death, as if awaiting execution (of those to be killed, of the condemned, of victims)

• इव (iva) - in a manner similar to, resembling the state of (like, as, as if)

• सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - belonging to every individual of the group specified (of all)

• मनः (manaḥ) - the mental state or faculty of thought and emotion (mind, intellect, heart, spirit)

• भवति (bhavati) - transforms into a state of, comes into existence as (becomes, is, happens, arises)

• विह्वलम् (vihvalam) - in a state of extreme distress, mental disarray, and helplessness (agitated, confused, distraught, overwhelmed, trembling)

• मनुष्याणाम् (manuṣyāṇām) - of ordinary human beings, of mankind (of humans, of people)

• महाराज (mahārāja) - a respectful and formal direct address to a monarch (O great king)

• यदा (yadā) - at the moment that, whenever (when, at which time)

• पापः (pāpaḥ) - the perpetrator of evil or the evil itself (evil, sin, wrongdoer, wicked person)

• न (na) - expresses negation of the following verb (not, no)

• वार्यते (vāryate) - is held in check, is not allowed to proceed (is prevented, is restrained, is hindered)

Words meanings and morphology

वध्यानाम् (vadhyānām) - of those facing certain death, as if awaiting execution (of those to be killed, of the condemned, of victims)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vadhya

vadhya - to be killed, punishable by death, a victim, a criminal

Gerundive (Passive Future Participle)

From root 'vadh' (to kill, strike), meaning 'that which is to be killed' or 'fit for killing'

Root: vadh (class 1)

Note: Used substantively.

इव (iva) - in a manner similar to, resembling the state of (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison

सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - belonging to every individual of the group specified (of all)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire, universal

Note: Qualifies 'manuṣyāṇām'.

मनः (manaḥ) - the mental state or faculty of thought and emotion (mind, intellect, heart, spirit)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, understanding, heart, soul, intention

From root 'man' (to think)

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'bhavati'.

भवति (bhavati) - transforms into a state of, comes into existence as (becomes, is, happens, arises)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhū

Present

3rd person singular, present tense, Parasmaipada

Root: bhū (class 1)

विह्वलम् (vihvalam) - in a state of extreme distress, mental disarray, and helplessness (agitated, confused, distraught, overwhelmed, trembling)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vihvala

vihvala - trembling, agitated, confused, bewildered, overwhelmed, distraught

From root 'hval' (to tremble) with prefix 'vi-' (denoting separation, intensity)

Prefix: vi

Root: hval (class 1)

मनुष्याणाम् (manuṣyāṇām) - of ordinary human beings, of mankind (of humans, of people)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of manuṣya

manuṣya - human, man, mankind, person

From 'manu' (primordial man)

Note: Possessive, 'minds of humans'.

महाराज (mahārāja) - a respectful and formal direct address to a monarch (O great king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor, sovereign

Compound of 'mahā' (great) and 'rājan' (king)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, large, mighty, excellent
  adjective
• rājan – king, ruler, sovereign
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

यदा (yadā) - at the moment that, whenever (when, at which time)

(indeclinable)

Temporal adverb

पापः (pāpaḥ) - the perpetrator of evil or the evil itself (evil, sin, wrongdoer, wicked person)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāpa

pāpa - evil, sin, bad, wicked, wrongdoer, misfortune

Note: Refers to the person committing evil or the evil principle.

न (na) - expresses negation of the following verb (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Negative particle

वार्यते (vāryate) - is held in check, is not allowed to proceed (is prevented, is restrained, is hindered)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of vāray

Present Passive (causative stem)

3rd person singular, present tense, passive voice, Ātmanepada (from causative of vṛ 'to cover, choose', or vṛ 'to keep back')

Root: vṛ (class 1)