महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-91, verse-13

वृषो हि भगवान्धर्मो यस्तस्य कुरुते ह्यलम् ।
वृषलं तं विदुर्देवास्तस्माद्धर्मं न लोपयेत् ॥१३॥

13. vṛṣo hi bhagavāndharmo yastasya kurute hyalam ,
vṛṣalaṁ taṁ vidurdevāstasmāddharmaṁ na lopayet.

13. vṛṣaḥ hi bhagavān dharmaḥ yaḥ tasya kurute hi alam
vṛṣalam tam viduḥ devāḥ tasmāt dharmam na lopayet

13. hi bhagavān dharmaḥ vṛṣaḥ.
yaḥ tasya alam hi kurute,
tam devāḥ vṛṣalam viduḥ.
tasmāt dharmam na lopayet.

13. Indeed, the divine natural law (dharma) is called Vṛṣa (the bestower). Whoever harms or obstructs it, him the gods consider an outcaste (vṛṣala). Therefore, one should not transgress natural law (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

• वृषः (vṛṣaḥ) - the Bull (symbolizing dharma), the Bestower (bull, bestower, rainer, dharma itself)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because, for)

• भगवान् (bhagavān) - divine, venerable (glorious, venerable, divine, blessed, auspicious)

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (dharma) (natural law, righteousness, duty, virtue, constitution)

• यः (yaḥ) - whoever (who, whoever, which)

• तस्य (tasya) - of it (dharma) (of him, his, of that)

• कुरुते (kurute) - he causes, he brings about (he does, he makes)

• हि (hi) - indeed (emphasizing the obstruction) (indeed, surely, because, for)

• अलम् (alam) - a hindrance, an obstruction (with 'kurute') (enough, sufficient, capable, hindrance, ornament)

• वृषलम् (vṛṣalam) - an outcaste (vṛṣala) (outcaste, śūdra, one who violates natural law (dharma))

• तम् (tam) - him (that person) (him, that)

• विदुः (viduḥ) - they consider (they know, they consider, they understand)

• देवाः (devāḥ) - the gods (gods, divine beings)

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (therefore, from that)

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - natural law (dharma) (natural law, righteousness, duty)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• लोपयेत् (lopayet) - one should transgress/abandon (one should cause to disappear, destroy, transgress, neglect, abandon)

Words meanings and morphology

वृषः (vṛṣaḥ) - the Bull (symbolizing dharma), the Bestower (bull, bestower, rainer, dharma itself)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛṣa

vṛṣa - bull, bestower, showerer, manly, dharma (as a bestower of good)

From root vṛṣ (to rain, shower, grant)

Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

Note: A metaphorical representation of Dharma.

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because, for)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

भगवान् (bhagavān) - divine, venerable (glorious, venerable, divine, blessed, auspicious)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhagavat

bhagavat - glorious, venerable, divine, blessed, auspicious, possessing fortune

Possessive suffix -vat

Derived from bhaga (fortune) + -vat (possessing)

Note: Qualifies dharma.

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (dharma) (natural law, righteousness, duty, virtue, constitution)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, righteousness, duty, virtue, custom, religion, constitution

From root dhṛ (to hold, support) + suffix -man

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

यः (yaḥ) - whoever (who, whoever, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

Note: Relative pronoun.

तस्य (tasya) - of it (dharma) (of him, his, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to dharma.

कुरुते (kurute) - he causes, he brings about (he does, he makes)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of kṛ

Present indicative, 3rd person singular, middle voice

From root kṛ (to do). Used here with alam.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

हि (hi) - indeed (emphasizing the obstruction) (indeed, surely, because, for)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle, here preceding 'alam'.

अलम् (alam) - a hindrance, an obstruction (with 'kurute') (enough, sufficient, capable, hindrance, ornament)

(indeclinable)

वृषलम् (vṛṣalam) - an outcaste (vṛṣala) (outcaste, śūdra, one who violates natural law (dharma))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vṛṣala

vṛṣala - a man of the śūdra caste, an outcaste, a despicable person, one who violates dharma

तम् (tam) - him (that person) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

विदुः (viduḥ) - they consider (they know, they consider, they understand)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of vid

Present indicative, 3rd person plural

From root vid (to know), athematic verb.

Root: vid (class 2)

देवाः (devāḥ) - the gods (gods, divine beings)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, divine being, celestial

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (therefore, from that)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially as 'therefore'.

धर्मम् (dharmam) - natural law (dharma) (natural law, righteousness, duty)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, righteousness, duty, virtue, custom, religion, constitution

From root dhṛ (to hold, support) + suffix -man

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'lopayet'.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation.

लोपयेत् (lopayet) - one should transgress/abandon (one should cause to disappear, destroy, transgress, neglect, abandon)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of lup

Optative mood, 3rd person singular, causative

Causative stem from root lup (to break, cut off), with -aya suffix. Optative mood.

Root: lup (class 6)