महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-91, verse-25

राजर्षयश्च बहवस्तस्माद्बुध्यस्व पार्थिव ।
राजा भवति तं जित्वा दासस्तेन पराजितः ॥२५॥

25. rājarṣayaśca bahavastasmādbudhyasva pārthiva ,
rājā bhavati taṁ jitvā dāsastena parājitaḥ.

25. rājarṣayaḥ ca bahavaḥ tasmāt budhyasva pārthiva
| rājā bhavati tam jitvā dāsaḥ tena parājitaḥ

25. pārthiva,
bahavaḥ rājarṣayaḥ ca (tena nītāḥ vaśam).
tasmāt (tvam) budhyasva.
tam jitvā rājā bhavati; tena parājitaḥ (janāḥ) dāsaḥ (bhavati).

25. And many royal sages (rājarṣi) (also fell prey to it). Therefore, O earthly ruler (pārthiva), understand this! One who conquers him (Arrogance) becomes a king, while one defeated by him becomes a slave.

Words meanings summery:

• राजर्षयः (rājarṣayaḥ) - royal sages (rājarṣi) (royal sages)

• च (ca) - and, also

• बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many (many, numerous)

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (therefore, from that)

• बुध्यस्व (budhyasva) - understand (understand, know, perceive)

• पार्थिव (pārthiva) - O earthly ruler (O king, O earthly ruler)

• राजा (rājā) - a king (a king, ruler)

• भवति (bhavati) - becomes (becomes, is, exists)

• तम् (tam) - him (Arrogance) (him, that (masculine accusative))

• जित्वा (jitvā) - having conquered (having conquered, after conquering)

• दासः (dāsaḥ) - a slave (slave, servant)

• तेन (tena) - by him (Arrogance) (by him, by that)

• पराजितः (parājitaḥ) - defeated (defeated, vanquished)

Words meanings and morphology

राजर्षयः (rājarṣayaḥ) - royal sages (rājarṣi) (royal sages)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rājarṣi

rājarṣi - royal sage, king who is also a sage

Compound type : karmadhāraya (rājan+ṛṣi)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)
• ṛṣi – sage, seer
  noun (masculine)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many (many, numerous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - many, much, numerous

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (therefore, from that)

(indeclinable)

Ablative singular (masculine/neuter) used adverbially.

बुध्यस्व (budhyasva) - understand (understand, know, perceive)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of √budh

Imperative Middle

ātmanepada, second person singular imperative, from class 4

Root: budh (class 4)

पार्थिव (pārthiva) - O earthly ruler (O king, O earthly ruler)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pārthiva

pārthiva - earthly, royal, king, ruler

From pṛthivī (earth) + -a (suffix)

राजा (rājā) - a king (a king, ruler)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

भवति (bhavati) - becomes (becomes, is, exists)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of √bhū

Present Active Indicative

parasmaipada, third person singular

Root: bhū (class 1)

तम् (tam) - him (Arrogance) (him, that (masculine accusative))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Masculine accusative singular of 'tad'.

जित्वा (jitvā) - having conquered (having conquered, after conquering)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root √ji (to conquer) + -tvā suffix

Root: ji (class 1)

दासः (dāsaḥ) - a slave (slave, servant)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dāsa

dāsa - slave, servant, bondsman

तेन (tena) - by him (Arrogance) (by him, by that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Masculine instrumental singular of 'tad'.

पराजितः (parājitaḥ) - defeated (defeated, vanquished)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parājita

parājita - defeated, vanquished, overcome

Past Passive Participle

From root √ji (to conquer) with prefix 'parā'

Prefix: parā

Root: ji (class 1)